vrb_c0=new Category( "Block / Charge" , 1);
vrb_root[0]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("On Ball Defenders", 12) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("On Ball Blocking fouls", 27) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 177, "Blocking, on-ball defender above Free Throw Line Extended doesn't establish position", "KeyFrame_27_2_177.jpg","Video_27_2_177.flv", "This is an example of an on-ball defensive foul for blocking. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions. The defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made, and before he starts his upward shooting motion. On this play, the defensive player makes illegal contact while attempting to position himself in the dribbler's path.","11/18/2009 4:45:00 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 146, "Blocking, on-ball defender below Free Throw Line Extended doesn't establish position", "KeyFrame_27_2_146.jpg","Video_27_2_146.flv", "This is an example of an on-ball defensive foul for blocking. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions. The defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made, and before he starts his upward shooting motion. On this play, the defensive player makes illegal contact to the side of the dribbler while attempting to position himself in the dribbler's path.","5/19/2009 10:21:06 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 173, "Blocking, defender below Free Throw Line Extended does not establish legal position", "KeyFrame_27_2_173.jpg","Video_27_0_173.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for blocking. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions. A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made and before he starts his upward shooting motion. On this play, the secondary defensive player steps directly into the path of the offensive player.","5/19/2009 10:21:47 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 178, "Blocking, on-ball defender on baseline drive doesn't establish position", "KeyFrame_27_2_178.jpg","Video_27_2_178.flv", "This is an example of an on-ball defensive foul for blocking. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player, who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions. A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made and before he starts his upward shooting motion. On this play, the defender does not beat the offensive player to the spot, and the contact is made from the side.","11/18/2009 4:46:28 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 175, "Blocking, defender does not establish legal position and makes illegal contact hedging out on Pick'n Roll", "KeyFrame_27_2_175.jpg","Video_27_2_175.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact on the perimeter. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions. A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made. On this play, the defender does not establish a legal position in the path of the dribbler and he makes illegal contact with the dribbler.","5/19/2009 10:22:05 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 179, "Blocking, defender does not establish legal position and makes illegal contact hedging out on Pick'n Roll", "KeyFrame_27_2_179.jpg","Video_27_2_179.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact on the perimeter. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions. A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made. On this play, the defender does not establish a legal position in the path of the dribbler and he makes illegal contact with the dribbler.","11/18/2009 4:50:02 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("On Ball Charging fouls", 28) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 3, "Charging, on-ball defender above FT line extended establishes position", "KeyFrame_28_2_3.jpg","Video_28_2_3.flv", "This is an example of an on-ball offensive foul for charging. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player, who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions.  A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made and before he starts his upward shooting motion. On this play, the defensive player steps into the path of the offensive player and the contact is initiated by the moving offensive player. This is an offensive foul for charging.","5/19/2009 10:22:35 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 5, "Charging, on-ball defender below FT line extended establishes position", "KeyFrame_28_2_5.jpg","Video_28_2_5.flv", "This is an example of an on-ball offensive foul for charging. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player, who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions.  A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made and before he starts his upward shooting motion. On this play, the defensive player steps into the path of the offensive player and the contact is initiated by the moving offensive player. This is an offensive foul for charging.","5/19/2009 10:22:56 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 6, "Charging, on-ball defender in Lower Defensive Box establishes position", "KeyFrame_28_2_6.jpg","Video_28_2_6.flv", "This is an example of an on-ball offensive foul for charging. An on-ball, block/charge situation occurs when contact is made between a defensive player and an offensive player, who is moving in a particular direction or trying to change directions.  A defender is permitted to establish his legal guarding position in the path of a dribbler, thus \"beating him to the spot.\" To get into a legal position, the defender needs to establish himself in the path of the offensive player before contact is made and before he starts his upward shooting motion. A defensive player may establish a legal position while he is still moving, as long as the defensive player beats the offensive player to the spot. On this play, the defensive player is moving parallel to the dribbler's path when the offensive player then changes direction and initiates contact with that legal defensive player. The offensive player dips his shoulder into the legal defensive player to earn an offensive foul.","5/19/2009 10:23:19 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Restricted Area", 24) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Restricted Area, Blocking fouls", 29) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 147, "Blocking, RA play, defender's foot is on the arc line", "KeyFrame_29_2_147.jpg","Video_29_2_147.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for blocking while in the Restricted Area. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. To be considered legal and to draw an offensive foul, a secondary defensive player must have both feet established outside the Restricted Area line. On this play, the secondary defender's right heel is on the Restricted Area arc.","5/19/2009 10:23:44 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 169, "Blocking, RA play, defender's heels are raised above the arc line", "KeyFrame_29_2_169.jpg","Video_29_2_169.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for blocking while in the Restricted Area. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. To be considered legal and to draw an offensive foul, a secondary defensive player must have both feet established outside the Restricted Area line. On this play, the secondary defender's right heel is above the Restricted Area arc. Even though his toes are touching the floor outside the arc, this \"heels raised\" position above the restricted area arc line is not legal.","5/19/2009 10:24:03 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 174, "Blocking, RA play, defender in the RA alights, but does not attempt to defend the shot", "KeyFrame_29_2_174.jpg","Video_29_0_174.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for blocking. The secondary defender is positioned inside the restricted area, and while he successfully alights vertically, he does not make an active attempt to block the shot. In order for a secondary defender within the Restricted area to legally defend a shot attempt, the defender must alight vertically while also making an active attempt to block the shot of the offensive player. On this play, while the defender in the Restricted area does alight vertically, he does not make an active attempt to defend the shot attempt of the offensive player.","5/19/2009 10:24:30 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Restricted Area, Charging fouls", 30) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 180, "Charging, RA play, defender establishes legal position outside the arc line", "KeyFrame_30_2_180.jpg","Video_30_2_180.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for charging, with a defender legally positioned outside the Restricted Area. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. To be considered legal and to draw an offensive foul, a secondary defensive player must establish legal position prior to the offensive player starting his upward shooting motion, and the defender must have both feet established outside the Restricted Area line. On this play, the replay clearly shows that the secondary defender did establish legal position prior to the offensive player starting his upward shooting motion, and his feet are completely outside the Restricted Area.","11/18/2009 4:52:52 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 8, "Charging, RA play, defender establishes legal position outside the arc line", "KeyFrame_30_2_8.jpg","Video_30_2_8.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for charging, with a defender legally positioned outside the Restricted Area. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. To be considered legal and to draw an offensive foul, a secondary defensive player must establish legal position prior to the offensive player starting his upward shooting motion, and the defender must have both feet established outside the Restricted Area line. On this play, the replay clearly shows that the secondary defender did establish legal position prior to the offensive player starting his upward shooting motion, and his feet are completely outside the Restricted Area.","5/19/2009 10:25:05 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Restricted Area Does Not Apply", 31) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 2, "Charging, RA does not apply, new possession in Lower Defensive Box", "KeyFrame_31_2_2.jpg","Video_31_2_2.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for charging, where the Restricted Area does not apply. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. The Restricted Area does not apply in several situations, one of which is when new possession occurs inside the Lower Defensive Box (the area from the bottom tip of the free throw circle to the baseline between the two 3 posted-up marks  highlighted in blue on this play). On this play, the defensive player establishes a legal guarding position in the Restricted Area in the path of the offensive player who received the ball in the Lower Defensive Box.","5/19/2009 10:30:01 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 170, "Charging, RA does not apply, new possession in Lower Defensive Box", "KeyFrame_31_2_170.jpg","Video_31_2_170.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for charging, where the Restricted Area does not apply. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. The Restricted Area does not apply in several situations, one of which is when new possession occurs inside the Lower Defensive Box (the area from the bottom tip of the free throw circle to the baseline between the two 3 posted-up marks). On this play, the defensive player establishes a legal guarding position in the Restricted Area in the path of the offensive player who received the ball in the Lower Defensive Box.","5/19/2009 10:30:27 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 181, "Offensive foul, RA does not apply, shooter extends leg into defender", "KeyFrame_31_2_181.jpg","Video_31_2_181.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul, where the Restricted Area does not apply. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. The Restricted Area does not apply in several situations, one of which is when an offensive player leads with his leg or knee into a defender, even if that defender is illegally in the Restricted Area. On this play, the offensive player extends his leg into the defensive player in an effort to create space.","11/18/2009 4:54:46 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 148, "Offensive foul, RA does not apply, shooter extends leg into defender", "KeyFrame_31_2_148.jpg","Video_31_2_148.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul, where the Restricted Area does not apply.  The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. The Restricted Area does not apply in several situations, one of which is when an offensive player leads with his leg or knee into a defender, even if that defender is illegally in the Restricted Area. On this play, the offensive player extends his leg into the defensive player in an effort to create space.","5/19/2009 10:30:49 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 182, "Offensive foul, RA does not apply, offensive player wards off defender", "KeyFrame_31_2_182.jpg","Video_31_2_182.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul, where the Restricted Area does not apply. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. The Restricted Area does not apply in several situations, one of which is when an offensive player leads with his leg or knee into a defender, even if that defender is illegally in the Restricted Area. On this play, the offensive player extends his arm to ward off the defensive player in an effort to create space.","11/18/2009 4:56:18 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 17, "Offensive foul, RA does not apply, offensive player wards off defender", "KeyFrame_31_2_17.jpg","Video_31_2_17.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul, where the Restricted Area does not apply. The Restricted Area is the area within the arched line on the court below the rim. It applies to secondary defenders and was established to ensure offensive players have room to drive to the basket, without allowing defensive players an unfair advantage in drawing an offensive foul. The Restricted Area does not apply in the several situations, one of which is when an offensive player uses his arm to prevent the defender from blocking his shot, even if the defender is illegally in the Restricted Area. On this play, the offensive player uses his off arm to prevent the defender from blocking the shot attempt.","5/19/2009 10:31:58 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Other Block / Charge plays", 25) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Charging, Pass & Crash plays", 33) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 20, "Charging, Pass-and-Crash play", "KeyFrame_33_2_20.jpg","Video_33_2_20.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for charging. To be considered legal and to draw an offensive foul, a secondary defensive player must establish legal position prior to the offensive player starting his upward motion, and the defender must have both feet established outside the Restricted Area line. The secondary defender on this play moves into a legal position prior to the start of the offensive player's upward motion, and his feet are completely outside the Restricted Area. Note that it does not matter whether the offensive player was attempting to shoot or pass prior to the illegal contact; since the contact was caused by the offensive player, and the defensive player was in a legal guarding position, there is an offensive foul ruled on this pass-and-crash type play.","11/3/2009 11:36:17 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 183, "Charging, Pass-and-Crash play", "KeyFrame_33_2_183.jpg","Video_33_2_183.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for charging. To be considered legal and to draw an offensive foul, a secondary defensive player must establish legal position prior to the offensive player starting his upward motion, and the defender must have both feet established outside the Restricted Area line. The secondary defender on this play moves into a legal position prior to the start of the offensive player's upward motion, and his feet are completely outside the Restricted Area. Note that it does not matter whether the offensive player was attempting to shoot or pass prior to the illegal contact; since the contact was caused by the offensive player, and the defensive player was in a legal guarding position, there is an offensive foul ruled on this pass-and-crash type play.","11/18/2009 4:59:00 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Defender does not allow Offense room to land", 34) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 22, "Blocking, Secondary defender does not allow Offensive player room to land", "KeyFrame_34_2_22.jpg","Video_34_2_22.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for blocking. Defenders positioned inside the Lower Defensive Box must allow alighted offensive players catching the ball the opportunity to land without contact. The Lower Defensive Box is the area from the bottom tip of free throw circle to the 3' posted up marks. The defender on this play does not allow the offensive player the room to land after receiving the ball, and this is a blocking foul.","5/19/2009 10:35:20 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Trajectory of Defenders", 26) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Legal Defensive plays, Defenders jump vertically", 35) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 184, "Legal Defensive play, defender jumps vertically", "KeyFrame_35_1_184.jpg","Video_35_1_184.flv", "This is an example of an airborne defensive player maintaining verticality in a legal defensive play. Even if he is positioned inside the Restricted Area, a secondary defender does not commit a blocking foul if contact is made while he is jumping vertically in an attempt to defend the shot, or if the drive starts inside the Lower Defensive Box. On this play, the defensive player jumps straight up and down in an attempt to contest his opponent's field goal attempt. As the contact on the play is initiated by the offensive player, and it is marginal, the defender is legal.","11/18/2009 5:02:30 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 149, "Legal Defensive play, defender jumps vertically", "KeyFrame_35_1_149.jpg","Video_35_1_149.flv", "This is an example of an airborne defensive player maintaining verticality in a legal defensive play. Even if he is positioned inside the Restricted Area, a secondary defender does not commit a blocking foul if contact is made while he is jumping vertically in an attempt to contest the shot, or if the drive starts inside the Lower Defensive Box. On this play, the defensive player jumps straight up and down in an attempt to contest his opponent's field goal attempt.  As the contact on the play is initiated by the offensive player, and it is marginal, the defender is legal.","11/18/2009 5:09:33 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 71, "Legal Defensive play, defender jumps vertically", "KeyFrame_35_1_71.jpg","Video_35_1_71.flv", "This is an example of an airborne defensive player maintaining verticality in a legal defensive play. Even if he is positioned inside the Restricted Area, a secondary defender does not commit a blocking foul if contact is made while he is jumping vertically in an attempt to defend the shot, or if the drive starts inside the Lower Defensive Box. On this play, the defensive player jumps straight up and down in an attempt to contest his opponent's field goal attempt.  As the contact on the play is initiated by the offensive player, and it is marginal, the defender is legal.","11/18/2009 5:05:51 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 73, "Legal Defensive play, defender jumps vertically", "KeyFrame_35_1_73.jpg","Video_35_1_73.flv", "This is an example of an airborne defensive player maintaining verticality in a legal defensive play. Even if he is positioned inside the Restricted Area, a secondary defender does not commit a blocking foul if contact is made while he is jumping vertically in an attempt to contest the shot, or if the drive starts inside the Lower Defensive Box. On this play, the defensive player jumps straight up and down in an attempt to contest his opponent's field goal attempt.  As the contact on the play is initiated by the offensive player, and it is marginal, the defender is legal.","11/18/2009 5:08:53 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Defensive fouls, Defenders jump non-vertically", 36) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 268, "Defensive Foul, Not Verticality, defender jumps toward offensive player", "KeyFrame_36_2_268.jpg","Video_36_2_268.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for non-verticality. To be considered legal, a defender may come in contact with an opponent if that contact is made while the defender is jumping vertically in an attempt to defend the shot. On this play, the defender jumps toward the shooter, and since the defender does not maintain a completely vertical position, and he initiates the contact on the play, a defensive foul is called.","3/5/2010 6:29:10 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 185, "Defensive Foul, Not Verticality, defender jumps toward offensive player", "KeyFrame_36_2_185.jpg","Video_36_2_185.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for non-verticality. To be considered legal, a defender may come in contact with an opponent if that contact is made while the defender is jumping vertically in an attempt to defend the shot. On this play, the defender jumps toward the shooter, and since the defender does not maintain a completely vertical position, and he initiates the contact on the play, a defensive foul is called.","11/18/2009 5:16:18 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 186, "Defensive Foul, Not Verticality, defender jumps toward offensive player", "KeyFrame_36_2_186.jpg","Video_36_2_186.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for non-verticality. To be considered legal, a defender may come in contact with an opponent if that contact is made while the defender is jumping vertically in an attempt to defend the shot. On this play, the defender jumps toward the shooter, and since the defender does not maintain a completely vertical position, and he initiates the contact on the play, a defensive foul is called.","11/18/2009 5:15:38 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Post Play" , 2);
vrb_root[1]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Defensive Fouls in the Post", 37) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender uses knee", 40) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 187, "Dislodging - Defensive, defender uses knee to dislodge his opponent", "KeyFrame_40_2_187.jpg","Video_40_2_187.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for dislodging. A post defender may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player. A defender may legally position his leg between the legs of an offensive player in the lower defensive box to maintain his position. However, once the defender's foot is lifted off the floor, dislodging his opponent, a foul shall be assessed. On this play, the post defender uses his knee to dislodge his opponent.","11/18/2009 5:17:55 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 29, "Dislodging - Defensive, defender uses knee to dislodge his opponent", "KeyFrame_40_2_29.jpg","Video_40_2_29.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for dislodging. A post defender may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player. A defender may legally position his leg between the legs of an offensive player in the lower defensive box to maintain his position. However, once the defender's foot is lifted off the floor, dislodging his opponent, a foul shall be assessed. On this play, the smaller defender uses his knee and his hip to dislodge his larger opponent.","5/19/2009 9:58:56 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 30, "Dislodging - Defensive, defender uses knee to dislodge opponent", "KeyFrame_40_2_30.jpg","Video_40_2_30.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for dislodging. A post defender may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player. A defender may legally position his leg between the legs of an offensive player in the lower defensive box to maintain his position. However, once the defender's foot is lifted off the floor, dislodging his opponent, a foul shall be assessed. On this play, the post defender uses his knee to dislodge his opponent.","5/19/2009 9:58:34 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender dislodges opponent", 41) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 31, "Defensive Foul in the Post, defender dislodges opponent", "KeyFrame_41_2_31.jpg","Video_41_2_31.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for dislodging. A post defender may not dislodge, reroute or impede an opponent. When guarding an offensive player with the ball with his back to the basket in the lower defensive box, a defender may use one hand with a bent elbow, one forearm and/or one leg to maintain his position. On this play, the defender initially maintains a legal guarding position, with one hand with a bent elbow on the offensive player, but the defender then body checks the dribbler and dislodges him as the dribbler attempts to curl into the paint.","5/19/2009 9:59:25 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 188, "Defensive Foul in the Post, defender dislodges opponent", "KeyFrame_41_2_188.jpg","Video_41_2_188.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for dislodging. A post defender may not dislodge, reroute or impede an opponent. When guarding an offensive player with the ball with his back to the basket in the lower defensive box, a defender may use one hand with a bent elbow, one forearm and/or one leg to maintain his position. On this play, the defender initially maintains a legal guarding position, with one hand with a bent elbow on the offensive player, but the defender then body checks the dribbler and dislodges him as the dribbler attempts to curl into the paint.","11/18/2009 5:19:36 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender [QUOTE]walks under[QUOTE] alighted shooter", 42) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 32, "Defensive Foul in the post, defender walks under shooter", "KeyFrame_42_2_32.jpg","Video_42_2_32.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for walking under an alighted shooter. A defensive player must always allow an alighted offensive player the space to land. On this play, the post defender maintains a legal, vertical position until he walks into and under the offensive player who is attempting a shot. This body contact to the alighted offensive player is illegal.","5/19/2009 9:59:55 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender's arms are at 45 degree angle", 43) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 33, "Defensive Foul in the Post, defender's arms are at a 45 degree angle", "KeyFrame_43_2_33.jpg","Video_43_2_33.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, where the defender's arms extend over the offensive player's vertical space. Post defenders must maintain a vertical position in order to be considered as having a legal position when contact occurs. On this play, while the post defender's body is vertical, his arms are tilted forward over the vertical space of his opponent. Even though contact is then initiated by the offensive player's upward shooting motion, the foul is called on the defender for being in an illegal position at the time of contact. This rule was established to ensure that taller players could not take away smaller player's ability to alight vertically.","5/19/2009 10:01:12 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 189, "Defensive Foul in the Post, defender's arms are at a 45 degree angle", "KeyFrame_43_2_189.jpg","Video_43_2_189.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, where the defender's arms extend over the offensive player's vertical space. Post defenders must maintain a vertical position in order to be considered as having a legal position when contact occurs. On this play, while the post defender's body is vertical, his arms are tilted forward over the vertical space of his opponent. Even though contact is then initiated by the offensive player's upward shooting motion, the foul is called on the defender for being in an illegal position at the time of contact. This rule was established to ensure that taller players could not take away smaller player's ability to alight vertically.","11/18/2009 5:20:57 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 34, "Defensive Foul in the Post, defender's arms are at a 45 degree angle", "KeyFrame_43_2_34.jpg","Video_43_2_34.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, where the defender's arms extend over the offensive player's vertical space. Post defenders must maintain a vertical position in order to be considered as having a legal position when contact occurs. On this play, while the post defender's body is vertical, his arms are tilted forward over the vertical space of his opponent. Even though contact is then initiated by the offensive player's upward shooting motion, the foul is called on the defender for being in an illegal position at the time of contact. This rule was established to ensure that taller players could not take away smaller player's ability to alight vertically.","5/19/2009 10:01:30 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 242, "Defensive Foul in the Post, defender's arms are at a 45 degree angle", "KeyFrame_43_2_242.jpg","Video_43_2_242.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, where the defender's arms extend over the offensive player's vertical space. Post defenders must maintain a vertical position in order to be considered as having a legal position when contact occurs. On this play, while the post defender's body is vertical, his arms are tilted forward over the vertical space of his opponent. Even though contact is then initiated by the offensive player's upward shooting motion, the foul is called on the defender for being in an illegal position at the time of contact. This rule was established to ensure that taller players could not take away smaller player's ability to alight vertically.","12/18/2009 3:12:30 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender uses two hands", 110) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 267, "Post Defender uses two hands", "KeyFrame_110_2_267.jpg","Video_110_2_267.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact by a post defender. When guarding an offensive player with the ball in the lower defensive box, a defender may use one hand, one forearm and/or one leg to maintain his position. On this play, the post defender uses two hands, which is illegal, and a defensive foul is called. Note that two hands by a defender is an automatic foul, whether or not the offensive player's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm is affected.","3/5/2010 6:27:34 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 190, "Post Defender uses two hands", "KeyFrame_110_2_190.jpg","Video_110_2_190.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact by a post defender. When guarding an offensive player with the ball in the lower defensive box, a defender may use one hand, one forearm and/or one leg to maintain his position. On this play, the post defender uses two hands, which is illegal, and a defensive foul is called. Note that two hands by a defender is an automatic foul, whether or not the offensive player’s speed, quickness, balance or rhythm is affected.","11/18/2009 5:28:04 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender [QUOTE]clamps[QUOTE] opponent", 121) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 249, "Defensive Foul in post, defender clamps opponent", "KeyFrame_121_2_249.jpg","Video_121_2_249.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for clamping. Defensive players may not clamp or lock their opponent’s arms affecting their freedom of movement. The highlighted defender here will use his right arm and the right side of his body to clamp his opponent’s left arm, preventing his opponent from moving to receive the ball.","3/5/2010 5:33:23 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender uses Straight Arm", 122) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 251, "Post Defender uses Straight arm", "KeyFrame_122_2_251.jpg","Video_122_2_251.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact by a post defender. When guarding an offensive player with the ball and his back to the basket inside the Lower Defensive Box, a post defender may place one hand, with a bent elbow, and/or one forearm onto the back of the offensive player with the ball.  The post defender on this play illegally extends his arm to a straightened position with no bend at the elbow and a defensive foul is called for this illegal contact.","3/5/2010 5:43:10 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Post Defender wraps arms around opponent", 127) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 270, "Post Defender wraps arms around opponent", "KeyFrame_127_2_270.jpg","Video_127_2_270.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding. Arm wraps by all players are illegal, regardless of where they occur on the court. The highlighted defensive post player reaches around his opponent, wrapping his left arm around his opponent's waist. This is an illegal position and it is a defensive foul.","6/25/2010 11:06:38 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 271, "Post Defender wraps arms around opponent", "KeyFrame_127_2_271.jpg","Video_127_2_271.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for holding. Arm wraps by all players are illegal, regardless of where they occur on the court. The highlighted defensive post player illegally wraps his arm around the hip of his opponent while he attempts to defend the entry pass. This is an illegal position and it is a defensive foul.","6/25/2010 11:09:31 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Offensive Fouls in the Post", 38) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Back downs", 44) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 35, "Dislodging - Offensive, back down by offensive player", "KeyFrame_44_2_35.jpg","Video_44_2_35.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Offensive players may not use their bodies to illegal dislodge their legal opponents. The first bump by the offensive post player on this back down is marginal. However, the second contact initiated by the offensive player dislodges the post defender who had obtained a legal guarding position.","5/19/2009 9:55:25 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 191, "Dislodging - Offensive, back down by offensive player", "KeyFrame_44_2_191.jpg","Video_44_2_191.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Offensive players may not use their bodies to illegal dislodge their legal opponents. On this play, the offensive post player initiates contact with his legal defender, dislodging him from his legally obtained position. The offensive player uses both his body and his off arm to illegally dislodge his opponent.","11/18/2009 5:30:55 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 272, "Dislodging - Offensive, back down by offensive player, multiple bumps", "KeyFrame_44_2_272.jpg","Video_44_2_272.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Offensive players may not use their bodies to illegally dislodge their legal opponents. The first two bumps by the offensive post player on this back down are marginal. However, the third contact initiated by the offensive player dislodges the post defender who had obtained a legal guarding position.","6/25/2010 11:35:31 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 273, "Not an Offensive Foul,  flop by post defender, no foul on the play", "KeyFrame_44_1_273.jpg","Video_44_1_273.flv", "This is an example of a \"flop\" by a defensive player. Officials will not reward players who flop in an attempt to draw a foul call on their opponent. The post defender attempts to enhance marginal contact in an effort to draw an offensive foul. The officials correctly DO NOT reward him for his actions, and the offensive player completes the play with a successful field goal.","6/25/2010 11:38:49 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Clear Outs", 45) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 37, "Dislodging - Offensive, Offensive player clears out with elbow", "KeyFrame_45_2_37.jpg","Video_45_2_37.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Offensive players may not use any part of their body to illegal dislodge their legal opponents. The offensive post player on this play extends his left arm into his defender who had obtained a legal defensive position, and he dislodges that defender from that legal position.","5/19/2009 9:56:04 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 192, "Dislodging - Offensive, Offensive player clears out with elbow", "KeyFrame_45_2_192.jpg","Video_45_2_192.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Offensive players may not use any part of their body to illegal dislodge their legal opponents. The offensive post player on this play turns and extends his right elbow into his defender who had obtained a legal defensive position, and he dislodges that defender from that legal position.","11/18/2009 5:33:14 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Hooking", 46) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 250, "Dislodging - Offensive, hooking by Offensive Post player", "KeyFrame_46_2_250.jpg","Video_46_2_250.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for hooking. Offensive players are not permitted to hook their opponents with their off arms when trying to maneuver around them. On this play, the offensive player in the post starts his drive to the basket by reaching around and hooking his defender with his off arm.","3/5/2010 5:36:18 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 39, "Dislodging - Offensive, hooking by Offensive Post player", "KeyFrame_46_2_39.jpg","Video_46_2_39.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for hooking. Offensive players are not permitted to hook their opponents with their off arms when trying to maneuver around them. On this play, the offensive player in the post starts his drive to the basket by reaching around and hooking his defender with his off arm.","5/19/2009 9:56:43 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Other Offensive Fouls in Post", 47) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 40, "Offensive Foul, offensive player knocks away defender's legal arm", "KeyFrame_47_2_40.jpg","Video_47_2_40.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for illegally wiping away an opponents arm. Inside the Lower Defensive Box (the area from the bottom tip of free throw circle to the 3' posted up marks), a post defender may legally place one hand, with a bent elbow, and/or one forearm onto the back of an offensive player with the ball and his back to the basket. Since the defender's hand here is considered legal in this situation, the offensive player cannot simply knock that hand away. This is an offensive foul for the illegal wipe away motion.","5/19/2009 9:57:19 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 153, "Offensive Foul, offensive player \"swims\" through legal defender", "KeyFrame_47_2_153.jpg","Video_47_2_153.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Players in the post are not permitted to use their arms in order to perform various \"swim moves\" against their legally established opponents. Here, the offensive player \"swims\" under his opponent in an attempt to establish better position.","5/19/2009 9:57:46 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 193, "Offensive Foul, offensive player knocks away defender's legal arm", "KeyFrame_47_2_193.jpg","Video_47_2_193.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for illegally wiping away an opponents arm. Below the Free Throw Line Extended, a defender may legally place one forearm onto the back of an offensive player with the ball and his back to the basket. Since the defender's forearm here is considered legal in this situation, the offensive player cannot simply knock that hand away. This is an offensive foul for the illegal wipe away motion.","11/18/2009 5:35:29 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 152, "Offensive Foul, offensive player wards off with his off arm", "KeyFrame_47_2_152.jpg","Video_47_2_152.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for warding off a legal opponent. Offensive players are not permitted to ward off or wipe out their opponent's legal arms. The offensive player here uses his left arm to displace the defender's legal left arm, and this is an offensive foul.","5/19/2009 9:58:12 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 194, "Offensive Foul, offensive player wraps arm around defender's waist", "KeyFrame_47_2_194.jpg","Video_47_2_194.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Arm wraps by all players are illegal, regardless of where they occur on the court. On this play, the highlighted offensive post player will illegally reach back and wrap his arm around his defender's waist.","6/24/2010 4:18:05 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 269, "Offensive Foul, offensive player grabs and holds defender's shirt", "KeyFrame_47_2_269.jpg","Video_47_2_269.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for holding. Players are not allowed to grab and pull their opponent's uniform in any manner. The highlighted offensive post player here reaches back and grabs and holds his defender's shirt. This is an offensive foul.","6/24/2010 4:20:40 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Clamping", 123) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 252, "Offensive Post Player clamps opponent", "KeyFrame_123_2_252.jpg","Video_123_2_252.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for clamping. Offensive players may not clamp or lock their opponent’s arms to prevent them from defending the play. The highlighted offensive player here will use his left hand to lock and hold his opponent's left arm, preventing his opponent from moving freely, and thus, limiting his opponent’s ability to defend the play. This is an offensive foul.","3/5/2010 5:44:42 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 274, "Offensive Post Player clamps opponent", "KeyFrame_123_2_274.jpg","Video_123_2_274.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for clamping an opponent's arm. Offensive players and defensive players may not clamp or lock their opponent's arms affecting their opponent's freedom of movement. The highlighted offensive player here will use his left arm to lock and hold his opponent's left arm, preventing his opponent from moving freely, and thus, limiting his opponent's ability to defend the play. This is an offensive foul.","6/25/2010 11:43:16 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Extended Arm", 124) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 253, "Offensive Post Player uses extended arm", "KeyFrame_124_2_253.jpg","Video_124_2_253.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for warding off a legal opponent to create space. Offensive players may not extend an arm to ward off their legal defenders. The highlighted offensive player here uses an extended right arm to ward off the defensive player in an effort to create space between them. This is an offensive foul.","3/12/2010 12:40:47 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Legal Post Defense", 39) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Hand with bent Elbow", 48) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 41, "Legal Post Defense, Hand with Bent elbow", "KeyFrame_48_1_41.jpg","Video_48_1_41.flv", "This is an example of legal contact by a post defender. Inside the Lower Defensive Box (the area from the bottom tip of free throw circle to the 3' posted up marks), a post defender may place one hand, with a bent elbow, and/or one forearm onto the back of an offensive player with the ball and his back to the basket. This contact remains legal as long as the defender continues to maintain his legally obtained position. There is no foul on this play as this is legal post defense.","5/19/2009 9:54:37 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Forearm and Hand with bent Elbow", 49) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 42, "Legal Post Defense, Forearm and Hand with bent elbow", "KeyFrame_49_1_42.jpg","Video_49_1_42.flv", "This is an example of legal contact by a post defender. Inside the Lower Defensive Box (the area from the bottom tip of free throw circle to the 3' posted up marks), a post defender may place one hand, with a bent elbow, and/or one forearm onto the back of an offensive player with the ball and his back to the basket. This contact remains legal as long as the defender continues to maintain his legally obtained position. There is no foul called on this play as this is legal post defense.","5/19/2009 9:55:01 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 195, "Legal Post Defense, Forearm and Hand with bent elbow", "KeyFrame_49_1_195.jpg","Video_49_1_195.flv", "This is an example of legal contact by a post defender. Inside the Lower Defensive Box (the area from the bottom tip of free throw circle to the 3' posted up marks), a post defender may place one hand, with a bent elbow, and/or one forearm onto the back of an offensive player with the ball and his back to the basket. This contact remains legal as long as the defender uses it to maintain his legally obtained position. There is no foul called on this play as this is legal post defense.","11/18/2009 5:42:09 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Screens & Picks" , 3);
vrb_root[2]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Illegal Screens", 50) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Pick'n Rolls", 51) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 196, "Illegal Screen, Pick'n Roll, Screener arrives late, moves into defender", "KeyFrame_51_2_196.jpg","Video_51_2_196.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen set in a pick'n roll situation. An offensive player may not get into the path of a moving defender without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. The distance needed to be given will depend on the speed of the opponent. On this play, the offensive player setting the screen steps into the path of the moving defender without giving that defender the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.","11/18/2009 5:43:33 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 154, "Illegal Screen, Pick'n Roll, Screener arrives late, moves into defender", "KeyFrame_51_2_154.jpg","Video_51_2_154.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen set in a pick'n roll situation. An offensive player may not get into the path of a moving defender without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.  The distance needed to be given will depend on the speed of the opponent. On this play, the offensive player setting the screen steps into the path of the moving defender without giving that defender the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.","5/19/2009 9:51:26 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 44, "Illegal Screen, Pick'n Roll, Screener arrives late, moves into defender", "KeyFrame_51_2_44.jpg","Video_51_2_44.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen set in a pick'n roll situation. An offensive player may not get into the path of a moving defender without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.  The distance needed to be given will depend on the speed of the opponent. On this play, the offensive player setting the screen steps into the path of the moving defender without giving that defender the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.","5/19/2009 9:51:00 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 197, "Illegal Screen, Pick'n Roll, Screener sets screen, then rolls into defender", "KeyFrame_51_2_197.jpg","Video_51_2_197.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen set in a pick'n roll situation. An offensive player may not get into the path of a moving defender without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. The distance needed to be given will depend on the speed of the opponent. On this play, the screener initially sets a legal high screen, but he then impedes the trailing defender by rolling right into the path of that defender without giving him the opportunity to stop or change direction.","11/18/2009 5:45:44 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 46, "Illegal Screen, Pick'n Roll, Screener sets screen and extends leg", "KeyFrame_51_2_46.jpg","Video_51_2_46.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen set in a pick'n roll situation. An offensive screener may not extend his legs outside the vertical plane of his body when setting a screen. On this play, offensive player extends his leg and trips the moving defender.","5/19/2009 9:53:09 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Off Ball Screens", 52) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 198, "Illegal Screen, off ball, screener moves into trailing defender", "KeyFrame_52_2_198.jpg","Video_52_2_198.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen. All players setting screens must give their moving opponents the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. The distance needed to be given will depend on the speed of the opponent. On this play, the offensive player setting the screen steps into the path of the moving defensive player, without giving the defender ample time to stop and/or change direction.","11/18/2009 5:46:56 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 47, "Illegal Screen, off ball, screener moves into trailing defender", "KeyFrame_52_2_47.jpg","Video_52_2_47.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen. All players setting screens must give their moving opponents the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. The distance needed to be given will depend on the speed of the opponent. On this play, the offensive player setting the screen steps into the path of the moving defensive player, without giving the defender ample time to stop and/or change direction.","5/19/2009 9:53:27 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 275, "Illegal Screen, off ball, cross screen in the paint, screener moves into trailing defender", "KeyFrame_52_2_275.jpg","Video_52_2_275.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen, set off the ball. All players setting screens must give their moving opponents the opportunity to stop and/or change direction, with the distance needed depending on the speed of the opponent. The highlighted offensive player setting the cross screen in the paint here steps into the path of the moving defensive player, without giving the defender an opportunity to stop and/or change direction. This is an offensive foul for an illegal screen.","6/25/2010 11:47:04 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Handoff Screens", 53) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 176, "Illegal Screen, Handoff Screen, screener pivots into trailing defender", "KeyFrame_53_2_176.jpg","Video_53_2_176.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen. All players setting screens must give their moving opponents the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. The offensive player with the ball pivots his body, and by doing so, he moves into the path of the trailing defender, without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.","11/18/2009 5:07:46 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 48, "Illegal Screen, Handoff Screen, screener pivots into trailing defender", "KeyFrame_53_2_48.jpg","Video_53_2_48.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegal screen. All players setting screens must give their moving opponents the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. Following the pass to his teammate, the offensive player pivots his body, and by doing so, he moves into the path of the trailing defender, without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction.","5/19/2009 9:53:46 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Other Illegal Screens", 54) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 49, "Illegal Screen, offensive player pulls screener into trailing defender", "KeyFrame_54_2_49.jpg","Video_54_2_49.flv", "This is an example of an illegal screen, initiated by a secondary offensive player. An offensive player may not get into the path of a moving defender without giving him the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. On this play, one offensive player, #16 in the white uniform, pulls his teammate, 30 in the white uniform, into the path of a trailing defender. As with typical illegal screens, the offensive foul is assessed to the player who makes contact, in this case, 30 in white, not the player who caused him to make the contact.","5/19/2009 9:54:09 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Back Screens", 128) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 276, "Illegal Screen, Back Screen, screener does not give opponent one step", "KeyFrame_128_2_276.jpg","Video_128_2_276.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for an illegall screen, set off the ball. All players setting screens from behind an opponent must give their opponent one step prior to contact. The offensive player setting the back screen here positions himself directly behind the back of the defensive player, without giving that defender the required one step of space. Since the required step is not given, this is an offensive foul for an illegal screen.","6/25/2010 11:50:51 AM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Flagrant Fouls" , 4);
vrb_root[3]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1", 55) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 254, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 (Follow Through - Pull Down)", "KeyFrame_55_2_254.jpg","Video_55_2_254.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play grabs the neck and shoulder of his moving opponent and he pulls him down to the floor. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player and his team would also retain possession of the ball at the free throw line extended.","3/5/2010 5:47:43 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 51, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1  (Windup, Impact - One Arm)", "KeyFrame_55_2_51.jpg","Video_55_2_51.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on the play winds up and makes contact above the shoulders of his opponent. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball.","5/19/2009 9:49:33 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 54, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 (Windup, Impact - Both Arms)", "KeyFrame_55_2_54.jpg","Video_55_2_54.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play winds up and makes unnecessary contact with both arms to his opponent. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball.","5/19/2009 9:49:48 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 123, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1  (Windup, Impact - Both Arms)", "KeyFrame_55_2_123.jpg","Video_55_2_123.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play swings his arms down and makes significant contact to his opponent's head and shoulders. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball  at the free throw line extended.","5/15/2009 5:47:03 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 124, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1  (Impact - Shoulder)", "KeyFrame_55_2_124.jpg","Video_55_2_124.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play throws his shoulder into his moving opponent. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player and his team would also retain possession of the ball at the free throw line extended.","5/15/2009 5:48:42 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 53, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 (Windup, Follow Through - Push in the back)", "KeyFrame_55_2_53.jpg","Video_55_2_53.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play pushes his airborne opponent in the back. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player and his team would also retain possession of the ball.","5/19/2009 9:50:13 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 277, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 (Impact, Follow Through - Shove to the Chest)", "KeyFrame_55_2_277.jpg","Video_55_2_277.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play extends his arms outward and he makes significant contact to his airborne opponent's torso. This is not a legitimate basketball play toward a vulnerbale player with a good chance of injury. This play is clearly unnecessary and it is a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball.","6/25/2010 11:57:31 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 278, "(Impact, Follow Through - Blow to the Chest)", "KeyFrame_55_2_278.jpg","Video_55_2_278.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play waits on the driving offensive player and he then delivers a blow with both arms to his opponent's midsection. This is not a legitimate basketball play toward a vulnerable player with a good chance of injury. This play is clearly unnecessary and it is a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball.","6/25/2010 12:01:05 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 279, "(Follow Through - Grab and Pull Down)", "KeyFrame_55_2_279.jpg","Video_55_2_279.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 1. A Flagant Foul, Penalty 1 is defined as contact that is unnecessary. The defensive player on this play grabs the jersey of his opponent and he pulls him down to the floor, which is not a legitimate basketball play. The penalty for a Flagrant 1 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball.","6/25/2010 12:06:07 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2", 56) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 255, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 (Wind up, Impact, Follow Through - Arm Swing)", "KeyFrame_56_2_255.jpg","Video_56_2_255.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 is defined as contact that is unnecessary AND excessive. The defensive player on this play winds up and makes hard contact with the airborne offensive player in a dangerous manner. This type of contact is both unnecessary AND excessive. The penalty for a Flagrant 2 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball. The offending player would also be ejected from the game, pending confirmation of the call via Instant Replay review.","3/5/2010 5:48:41 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 155, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 (Wind up, Impact, Follow Through - Body Block)", "KeyFrame_56_2_155.jpg","Video_56_2_155.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 is defined as contact that is unnecessary AND excessive. The defensive player on this play projects his body into the alighted shooter. This type of contact is both unnecessary AND excessive. The penalty for a Flagrant 2 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball. The offending player would also be ejected from the game, pending confirmation of the call via Instant Replay review.","5/15/2009 5:50:43 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 55, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 (Impact, Follow Through - Tackle)", "KeyFrame_56_2_55.jpg","Video_56_2_55.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 is defined as contact that is unnecessary AND excessive. The defensive player on this play tackles the airborne offensive player in a dangerous manner. This type of contact is both unnecessary AND excessive. The penalty for a Flagrant 2 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball. The offending player would also be ejected from the game, pending confirmation of the call via Instant Replay review.","5/19/2009 9:48:18 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 56, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 (Impact, Follow Through - Two Hand Shove)", "KeyFrame_56_2_56.jpg","Video_56_2_56.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 is defined as contact that is unnecessary AND excessive. The defensive player on this play makes hard contact with the airborne offensive player in a dangerous manner. This type of contact is both unnecessary AND excessive. The penalty for a Flagrant 2 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball. The offending player would also be ejected from the game, pending confirmation of the call via Instant Replay review.","5/19/2009 9:48:41 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 80, "Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 (Windup, Impact - Body Block)", "KeyFrame_56_2_80.jpg","Video_56_2_80.flv", "This is an example of a Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2. A Flagrant Foul, Penalty 2 is defined as contact that is unnecessary AND excessive. The defensive player on this play projects his body into the alighted shooter. This type of contact is both unnecessary AND excessive. The penalty for a Flagrant 2 is two free throws for the offended player, and his team would also retain possession of the ball. The offending player would also be ejected from the game, pending confirmation of the call via Instant Replay review.","5/19/2009 9:49:08 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Hard Fouls that are not Flagrant", 57) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 156, "Hard Foul, but not a Flagrant Foul", "KeyFrame_57_2_156.jpg","Video_57_2_156.flv", "This is an example of hard foul that would NOT be considered a Flagrant Foul. This play is correctly ruled a 2 shot foul, and not a Flagrant Foul, as the contact is not unnecessary. There is no wind-up by the defender and this is a basketball play where the smaller player gets the worse of the contact, and he takes a very awkward fall. Again, despite the hard fall by the offensive player, this is NOT a Flagrant Foul.","3/12/2010 2:32:50 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Other Fouls" , 5);
vrb_root[4]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Other Fouls by Defensive Players", 58) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Hand check", 60) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 199, "Illegal Contact above Free Throw Line Extended, Handcheck", "KeyFrame_60_2_199.jpg","Video_60_2_199.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact between the dribbler and his defender. On-ball defenders cannot affect an opponent's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm. On this play, the on ball defender's hand contact with the dribbler affects the dribbler's rhythm as he starts to drive toward the basket.","11/18/2009 5:49:28 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 58, "Illegal Contact above Free Throw Line Extended, Handcheck", "KeyFrame_60_2_58.jpg","Video_60_2_58.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact between the dribbler and his defender. On-ball defenders cannot affect an opponent's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm. On this play, the on ball defender's hand contact with the dribbler affects the dribbler's rhythm as he starts to drive toward the basket.","5/19/2009 9:47:43 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 200, "Illegal Contact above Free Throw Line Extended, \"Stayed\" Hand or Repeated Touching", "KeyFrame_60_2_200.jpg","Video_60_2_200.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact between the dribbler and his defender. A defender using a \"stayed hand\" or repeatedly touching an offensive player with the ball is ILLEGAL outside the lower defensive box. On this play, the defender repeatedly touches the offensive player. While the contact does not appear to affect the offensive player’s speed, quickness, balance or rhythm, the \"stayed\" and repeated contact is a defensive foul.","11/18/2009 5:51:51 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Body Bump", 61) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 59, "Illegal Contact above Free Throw Line Extended, Body bump", "KeyFrame_61_2_59.jpg","Video_61_2_59.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for illegal contact between the dribbler and his defender. On-ball defenders cannot affect an opponent's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm. On this play, the balance of the dribbler is clearly affected by the body contact by the on ball defender.","5/19/2009 9:47:14 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Illegal Forearm above FT line extended", 62) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 256, "Illegal Forearm Contact above Free Throw Line Extended", "KeyFrame_62_2_256.jpg","Video_62_2_256.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, with the defender using an illegal forearm above the free throw line extended. A defender may not have an extended forearm in contact with an opponent who has the ball above the free throw line extended. On this play, the defender places his forearm onto the front of the offensive player. This contact at this point on the floor is an automatic foul, whether or not the contact disrupts the offensive player's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm.","3/5/2010 5:49:37 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 201, "Illegal Forearm Contact above Free Throw Line Extended", "KeyFrame_62_2_201.jpg","Video_62_2_201.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, with the defender using an illegal forearm above the free throw line extended. A defender may not have an extended forearm in contact with an opponent who has the ball above the free throw line extended. On this play, the on-ball defender has an extended forearm in contact to the front of the driving offensive player. This contact is an automatic foul, whether or not it disrupts the offensive players speed, quickness, balance or rhythm.","11/18/2009 5:53:52 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 61, "Illegal Forearm Contact above Free Throw Line Extended", "KeyFrame_62_2_61.jpg","Video_62_2_61.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, with the defender using an illegal forearm above the free throw line extended. A defender may not have an extended forearm in contact with an opponent who has the ball above the free throw line extended. On this play, the on-ball defender has an extended forearm in contact to the front of the driving offensive player. This contact is an automatic foul, whether or not it disrupts the offensive players speed, quickness, balance or rhythm.","5/19/2009 9:46:44 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Illegal Forearm below FT line extended", 63) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 63, "Illegal Forearm Contact below Free Throw Line Extended", "KeyFrame_63_2_63.jpg","Video_63_2_63.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, with the defender using an illegal forearm below the free throw line extended. Outside the Lower Defensive Box and below the free throw line extended, forearm contact by an on-ball defender is legal only when it is made to the back of an offensive player with the ball. On this play, the defender's forearm makes contact to the front of the driving offensive player. This contact is an automatic foul, whether or not it disrupts the offensive player's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm.","5/19/2009 9:46:03 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 202, "Illegal Forearm Contact below Free Throw Line Extended", "KeyFrame_63_2_202.jpg","Video_63_2_202.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, using an illegal forearm below the free throw line extended. Outside the Lower Defensive Box and below the free throw line extended, forearm contact by an on-ball defender is legal only when it is made to the back of an offensive player with the ball. The defender on this play has an extended forearm on the front hip of the driving offensive player. This contact is an automatic foul, whether or not it disrupts the offensive player's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm.","11/18/2009 5:55:16 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 64, "Illegal Forearm Contact below Free Throw Line Extended", "KeyFrame_63_2_64.jpg","Video_63_2_64.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, using an illegal forearm below the free throw line extended. Outside the Lower Defensive Box and below the free throw line extended, forearm contact by an on-ball defender is legal only when it is made to the back of an offensive player with the ball. The defender on this play has an extended forearm on the front hip of the driving offensive player. This contact is an automatic foul, whether or not it disrupts the offensive player's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm.","5/19/2009 9:45:37 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Impeding Progress", 64) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 203, "Impeding Progress, defender chucks offensive cutter", "KeyFrame_64_2_203.jpg","Video_64_2_203.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the highlighted defensive player body checks the cutting offensive player, impeding the cutter's progress.","11/18/2009 5:56:42 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 65, "Impeding Progress, defender chucks offensive cutter", "KeyFrame_64_2_65.jpg","Video_64_2_65.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the highlighted defensive player body checks the cutting offensive player, impeding the cutter's progress.","5/19/2009 9:44:32 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 204, "Impeding Progress, defender impedes the offensive cutter", "KeyFrame_64_2_204.jpg","Video_64_2_204.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the highlighted defensive player extends his arm across his opponent's body, impeding his opponent's progress as he cuts toward the baseline.","11/18/2009 5:59:16 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 205, "Impeding Progress, defender impedes the offensive cutter", "KeyFrame_64_2_205.jpg","Video_64_2_205.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the highlighted defensive player uses his lower body to impedes his opponent's progress as he cuts toward the baseline.","11/18/2009 6:01:00 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 66, "Impeding Progress, defender impedes the offensive cutter", "KeyFrame_64_2_66.jpg","Video_64_2_66.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the highlighted defensive player extends his arm across his opponent's body, impeding his opponent's progress as he cuts toward the baseline.","5/19/2009 9:44:52 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 67, "Impeding Progress, defender wraps his arm around offensive screener's waist", "KeyFrame_64_2_67.jpg","Video_64_2_67.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not dislodge, reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the highlighted defensive player wraps his arm around his opponent's body, impeding his opponent's progress as his opponent cuts toward the baseline.","5/19/2009 9:45:09 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 280, "Impeding Progress, defender grabs screener's shirt", "KeyFrame_64_2_280.jpg","Video_64_2_280.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. On this play, the defensive player reaches out and grabs the jersey of the offensive player who is moving to set a screen. The illegal shirt grab impedes his opponent's progress as his opponent moves to set the screen. This is a defensive foul.","6/25/2010 12:10:31 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 281, "Impeding Progress, defender grabs screener's shirt after screen is set", "KeyFrame_64_2_281.jpg","Video_64_2_281.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for impeding progress. A defensive player may not reroute or impede an offensive player's progress. The highlighted defensive player in the black uniform will illegally reach back and grab his opponent's shirt as that offensive player attempts to cut to the basket. This is a defensive foul for illegal contact as the offensive player's freedom of movement is clearly affected.","6/25/2010 12:13:03 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Defenders undercutting airborne shooters", 65) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 68, "Defensive player undercuts alighted shooter", "KeyFrame_65_2_68.jpg","Video_65_2_68.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for undercutting an alighted shooter. Defenders may not move into the landing area of an airborne shooter. On this play, the defender's right foot extends into the shooter's landing area, causing him to roll his left ankle. Whether intentional or not, this is a dangerous play and it will be penalized.","5/19/2009 9:43:02 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 69, "Defensive player undercuts alighted shooter", "KeyFrame_65_2_69.jpg","Video_65_2_69.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for undercutting an alighted shooter. Defenders may not move into the landing area of an airborne shooter. On this play, the defender's right foot extends into the shooter's landing area, and the defender pivots his body into the alighted shooter as well. Whether intentional or not, this is a dangerous play, and it will be penalized.","5/19/2009 9:43:30 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 70, "Defensive player undercuts alighted shooter", "KeyFrame_65_2_70.jpg","Video_65_2_70.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul for undercutting an alighted shooter. Defenders may not move into the landing area of an airborne shooter. On this play, the defender pivots his body and slides his hip and lower body into the shooter's landing area. Whether intentional or not, this is a dangerous play, and it will be penalized.","5/19/2009 9:44:07 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 206, "Offensive Foul, shooter extends leg into legal defender", "KeyFrame_65_2_206.jpg","Video_65_2_206.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul. An airborne offensive player may not extend his leg and make contact with a defensive player in an attempt to draw a defensive foul call. The jump shooter on this play kicks his right leg out as the defender passes by, and the contact on the play is more than marginal. This is an offensive foul.","11/18/2009 6:03:01 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 243, "Offensive Foul, shooter extends leg into legal defender", "KeyFrame_65_2_243.jpg","Video_65_2_243.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul. An airborne offensive player may not extend his leg and make contact with a defensive player in an attempt to draw a defensive foul call. The jump shooter on this play kicks his right leg out as the defender passes by, and the contact on the play is more than marginal. This is an offensive foul.","12/18/2009 3:13:56 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Clear Path to the Basket Fouls", 66) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 209, "Clear Path to the Basket Foul", "KeyFrame_66_2_209.jpg","Video_66_2_209.flv", "This is an example of a Clear Path to the Basket Foul. In order to have a Clear Path Foul, several criteria must be met. These criteria are: (1) The ball must originate in the backcourt, and (2) it must be above the tip of the circle in the backcourt. (3) There must be clear possession by the new offensive team, and (4) there can be no opponent ahead of the play who is, or can establish, a position between the player with the ball and the basket at the time the foul occurred. Lastly, (5) the foul itself must be committed from behind or from the side – not the front - of the offensive player. The foul on this play meets all these criteria needed for a Clear Path Foul.","11/18/2009 6:19:02 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 157, "Not a Clear Path to the Basket Foul, Foul occurs in the act of shooting", "KeyFrame_66_2_157.jpg","Video_66_2_157.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that occurs in the act of shooting and it is NOT a Clear Path Foul. A Clear Path foul occurs when an offensive player with the ball is positioned between the tip-of-circle extended in the backcourt and the basket in the frontcourt, with no defender between the ball and the basket when the personal foul occurs. On this play, while the offensive player is fouled with no defender between him and the basket, the foul occurs after the offensive player gathers the ball and begins his shooting motion, making this a shooting foul, rather than a Clear Path foul.","5/15/2009 6:01:49 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 208, "Not a Clear Path to the Basket Foul, Defender is between the ball and the basket", "KeyFrame_66_2_208.jpg","Video_66_2_208.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that would NOT be ruled a Clear Path to the Basket Foul. In order to have a Clear Path Foul, several criteria must be met. These criteria are: (1) The ball must originate in the backcourt, and (2) it must be above the tip of the circle in the backcourt. (3) There must be clear possession by the new offensive team, and (4) there can be no opponent ahead of the play who is, or can establish, a position between the player with the ball and the basket at the time the foul occurred. Lastly, (5) the foul itself must be committed from behind or from the side – not the front - of the offensive player. This next play would NOT be ruled a Clear Path Foul for 2 distinct reasons. First, the ball is not above the tip of the circle. And second, the defender is ahead of player with the ball when the foul occurs. Please note however that had the ball been released on the pass prior to the foul occurring, then this WOULD have been ruled a Clear Path Foul.","11/18/2009 6:17:57 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Away from the Play Fouls", 67) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Other Defensive Fouls", 68) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 75, "Defensive Foul, Not Verticality, defender's arm is not vertical", "KeyFrame_68_2_75.jpg","Video_68_2_75.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul. Defensive players' arms may not extend over or into an offensive player's body, for if contact is made when a defender is in this position - even if it is initiated by the offensive player - it is a defensive foul. On this play, the defender reaches his arms over the offensive player as the offensive player starts his upward shooting motion, creating contact and thereby drawing the defensive foul.","5/19/2009 9:41:32 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 76, "Defensive Foul, Offensive player brings ball up thru defender's arms", "KeyFrame_68_2_76.jpg","Video_68_2_76.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, initiated by an offensive player moving into a defender's outstretched arms. Defensive players' arms may not extend over or into an offensive player's body. Contact made when a defender is in this position, even if initiated by the offensive player, is a defensive foul, as the defender is responsible for his extended arm. On this play, the defender extends his arms into the offensive player's space. As the offensive player starts his upward shooting motion, he creates contact and draws the defensive foul.","5/19/2009 9:41:51 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 77, "Defensive Foul, Offensive player brings ball up thru defender's arms", "KeyFrame_68_2_77.jpg","Video_68_2_77.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, initiated by an offensive player moving into a defender's outstretched arms. Defensive players' arms may not extend over or into an offensive player's body. Contact made when a defender is in this position, even if initiated by the offensive player, is a defensive foul, as the defender is responsible for his extended arm. On this play, the defender extends his arms into the offensive player's space. As the offensive player starts his upward shooting motion, he creates contact and draws the defensive foul.","5/19/2009 9:42:11 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 79, "Defensive Foul, defender pushes opponent into shooter", "KeyFrame_68_2_79.jpg","Video_68_2_79.flv", "This is an example of an off-ball defensive foul that occurs while a separate offensive player with the ball is in the act of shooting. A foul in the act of shooting is assessed when a defensive player causes an off-ball offensive player to make contact with an offensive player who is attempting a field goal attempt. On this play, the defensive player, #31 in the white uniform, pushes his opponent into the shooter. Since the field goal attempt was unsuccessful, the shooter is awarded two free throws. Note that had the field goal been successful, the offensive player who was pushed would shoot one additional free throw to complete a potential three-point play.","5/19/2009 9:42:38 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Fouls in the Act of Shooting", 105) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 129, "Foul in the Act of Shooting, dribbler has gathered the ball", "KeyFrame_105_2_129.jpg","Video_105_2_129.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul committed as the offensive player with the ball is in the act of shooting. The on-ball defender grabs the offensive player's right arm AFTER the offensive player has gathered the ball. Because the gather marks the beginning of the continuous shooting motion, the ensuing two steps and the shot attempt by the offensive player are included in the play, making this a foul in the act of shooting.","5/15/2009 5:32:15 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 128, "Foul is Not in the Act of Shooting, dribbler has not gathered the ball", "KeyFrame_105_2_128.jpg","Video_105_2_128.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that occurs PRIOR to the offensive player starting the act of shooting. A defender may not have an extended forearm in contact with an opponent who has the ball above the free throw line extended. This contact is an automatic foul, whether or not it disrupts the offensive player's speed, quickness, balance or rhythm. Because this contact occurred prior to the gather of the ball by the offensive player, and the gather is the point which marks the beginning of the shooting motion, this is a non-shooting foul.","5/15/2009 5:32:41 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 127, "Foul is Not in the Act of Shooting, dribbler has not gathered the ball", "KeyFrame_105_2_127.jpg","Video_105_2_127.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul, committed PRIOR to the offensive player starting the act of shooting, and this is a non-shooting foul. The body check foul by the defensive player occurs during the dribble, and the contact occurs prior to the gather of the ball by the offensive player, Since the gather marks the beginning of the continuous shooting motion, and the foul occurs before the gather, this is a non-shooting foul.","5/15/2009 5:33:01 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 207, "Foul is Not in the Act of Shooting, dribbler has not gathered the ball", "KeyFrame_105_2_207.jpg","Video_105_2_207.flv", "This is an example of a foul that occurs before the offensive player starts the act of shooting. In order for a foul to be ruled to have occurred in the act of shooting, the offensive player must gather the ball and begin his continuous motion to shoot prior to foul occurring. The \"take foul\" by the on ball defender on this play is taken PRIOR to the gather of the ball by the offensive player, and therefore this would not be ruled continuation.","3/12/2010 2:33:35 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 126, "Foul in the Act of Shooting, up fake by offense and contact by defender", "KeyFrame_105_2_126.jpg","Video_105_2_126.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that is committed during the act of shooting by the offensive player. Following the up fake by the offensive player, the defender initiates illegal contact with the offensive player as the offensive player begins his upward shooting motion. Two free throws would be awarded as the field goal attempt was unsuccessful. If the field goal attempt was successful, then the offensive player would receive only 1 free throw attempt. Note that had the defender alighted vertically and had the offensive player initiated contact, this would have been an offensive foul.","5/15/2009 5:34:32 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 125, "Foul in the Act of Shooting, up fake by offense and contact by defender", "KeyFrame_105_2_125.jpg","Video_105_2_125.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that is committed during the act of shooting by the offensive player. Following the up fake by the offensive player, the defender initiates illegal contact with the offensive player as he begins his upward shooting motion. Three free throws would be awarded as the 3 point field goal attempt was unsuccessful. If the field goal attempt was successful, then the offensive player would receive only 1 free throw attempt. Note that had the defender alighted vertically and had the offensive player initiated contact, this would have been an offensive foul.","5/15/2009 5:34:57 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 210, "Foul in the Act of Shooting, Non-shooting offensive player is fouled", "KeyFrame_105_2_210.jpg","Video_105_2_210.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul against a non-shooting offensive player, while the offensive team is in the act of shooting. In this scenario, where an offensive player is in the act of shooting a successful field goal as a defensive player fouls another player on offense, the basket is scored and the player who is fouled receives one free throw, making the sequence an uncommon three-point play. On this play, the defensive player commits a blocking foul against the offensive player who passes the ball, as the passer's teammate, #17, converts a successful dunk. The two-points from the dunk are counted, and the passer on the play who was fouled would attempt one free throw.","11/18/2009 6:32:23 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Fouls that occur before the ball is inbounded", 106) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 215, "Foul occurs before ball is inbounded, defender holds offensive player", "KeyFrame_106_2_215.jpg","Video_106_2_215.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that occurs before the ball is inbounded by the offensive team. If a defensive player commits a foul before the ball is inbounded at any point of the game other than the last 2 minutes of a quarter or overtime period, the penalty is 2 free throws for the offended player. If the foul occurs before the ball is inbounded in the last two minutes of a quarter or overtime period, it is to be ruled an \"Away from the Play\" foul, and any player in the game on the offended team may attempt one free throw. The offended player’s team would also retain possession of the ball. The highlighted defensive player on this play wraps his arm around the offensive cutter, impeding his progress and affecting his freedom of movement.","12/18/2009 1:46:14 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 216, "Foul occurs before ball is inbounded, defender pulls offensive player's shirt", "KeyFrame_106_2_216.jpg","Video_106_2_216.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that occurs before the ball is inbounded by the offensive team. If a defensive player commits a foul before the ball is inbounded at any point of the game other than the last 2 minutes of a quarter or overtime period, the penalty is 2 free throws for the offended player. If the foul occurs before the ball is inbounded in the last two minutes of a quarter or overtime period, it is to be ruled an \"Away from the Play\" foul, and any player in the game on the offended team may attempt one free throw. The highlighted defensive player on this play reaches out and grabs the jersey of the offensive cutter, impeding his progress and affecting his freedom of movement.","12/18/2009 2:15:04 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 158, "Foul occurs before ball is inbounded, defensive player knocks over legal screener", "KeyFrame_106_2_158.jpg","Video_106_2_158.flv", "This is an example of a defensive foul that occurs before the ball is inbounded by the offensive team. If a defensive player commits a foul before the ball is inbounded at any point of the game other than the last 2 minutes of a quarter or overtime period, the penalty is 2 free throws for the offended player. If the foul occurs before the ball is inbounded in the last two minutes of a quarter or overtime period, it is to be ruled an \"Away from the Play\" foul, and any player in the game on the offended team may attempt one free throw. The offended player's team would also retain possession of the ball. On this play, the highlighted defensive player shoves the legal offensive screener to the floor. Because the foul occurred prior to the throw-in, the offended team is awarded two foul shots.","3/2/2010 3:44:25 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Other Fouls by Offensive Players", 59) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Ward offs by Offensive players", 69) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 217, "Offensive foul, offensive player wards off defender with his off arm", "KeyFrame_69_2_217.jpg","Video_69_2_217.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul. Offensive players may not extend an arm to ward off their legal defenders. The driving offensive player uses his forearm to ward off his legal defender in an effort to create space between him and the defender.","12/18/2009 2:17:11 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Other Offensive Fouls", 70) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 257, "Offensive Foul, offensive player in Transition runs over legal defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_257.jpg","Video_70_2_257.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging a defensive player who is in a legal guarding position. Offensive players may not continue on their path if a defender has legally established a position in that path. On this transition play, the defensive player positions himself legally in the path of the moving offensive player, allowing the offensive player the opportunity to stop and/or change direction. However, the offensive player moves right into and through the defender, thereby committing an offensive foul.","3/5/2010 5:53:34 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 83, "Offensive Foul, offensive player runs through legal defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_83.jpg","Video_70_2_83.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging a defensive player who is in a legal guarding position. Defensive players are allowed to maintain their legally established positions. On this play, the highlighted defensive player positions himself legally in the path of the moving offensive player, allowing the offensive player plenty of time to stop and/or change direction. However, the offensive player moves into and through the legally positioned defender.","12/18/2009 2:21:55 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 159, "Offensive Foul, offensive player runs through legal defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_159.jpg","Video_70_2_159.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging a defensive player who is in a legal guarding position. Defensive players are allowed to maintain their legally established positions. On this play, the defensive player positions himself legally in the path of the moving offensive player, allowing the offensive player plenty of time to stop and/or change direction. However, the offensive player moves into and through the legally positioned defender.","5/15/2009 5:36:10 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 218, "Offensive foul, offensive player runs through legal defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_218.jpg","Video_70_2_218.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging a defensive player who is in a legal guarding position. Defensive players are allowed to maintain their legally established positions. On this play, the defensive player positions himself legally in the path of the moving offensive player, allowing the offensive player plenty of time to stop and/or change direction. However, the offensive player moves into and through the legally positioned defender.","12/18/2009 2:18:33 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 219, "Offensive Foul, offensive player holds legal defender, preventing him from defending shot attempt", "KeyFrame_70_2_219.jpg","Video_70_2_219.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for holding. A player may not hold an opponent for any reason. On this play, the highlighted offensive player holds the defensive player, preventing him from guarding another opponent and making a play on the ball.","12/18/2009 2:21:07 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 81, "Offensive Foul, shooter extends leg into defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_81.jpg","Video_70_2_81.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for making contact with a defensive player in an unnatural manner. Offensive players may not extend any part of their body into a legal defender in an effort to draw a defensive foul. On this play, the offensive player kicks his leg out toward the alighted defensive player. While it is the defender who makes contact with the offensive player's leg, this is an offensive foul.","5/19/2009 9:41:00 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 220, "Offensive Foul, dribbler dislodges legal perimeter defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_220.jpg","Video_70_2_220.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for dislodging. Defensive players cannot be dislodged from their legally obtained positions. The on-ball defender on this play has obtained a legal guarding position, and the offensive player then backs right into him. The impact is more than marginal, and it dislodges the defender from his legally obtained spot.","12/18/2009 2:23:02 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 282, "Offensive foul, offensive player jumps sideways into legal defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_282.jpg","Video_70_2_282.flv", "This play is an example of an offensive foul for the offensive player making contact with a defensive player in an unnatural manner. Offensive players may not overtly change direction and contact a legally established defender in an effort to draw a defensive foul. The offensive player here jumps to his left, jumping into and dislodging the legal defensive player. This contact is an offensive foul.","6/25/2010 12:21:42 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 283, "Offensive foul, offensive player throws off legal defender", "KeyFrame_70_2_283.jpg","Video_70_2_283.flv", "This is an example of an offensive foul for illegal contact. Players are not permitted to use their arms to grab, pull, or push their opponents in order to create space. The highlighted offensive player here pulls and then pushes his defender which creates enough space to receive the entry pass. This is an offensive foul.","6/25/2010 12:24:46 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Other Fouls - Loose Ball Fouls", 115) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 221, "Loose Ball Foul, player \"dives\" onto opponent during a loose ball", "KeyFrame_115_2_221.jpg","Video_115_2_221.flv", "This is an example of a loose ball foul. Players cannot \"dive on\" or \"jump on\" their opponents in an attempt to control a loose ball or to try to cause a jump ball. This play is correctly ruled a Loose Ball Foul as #2 in the blue uniform jumps on top of his opponent in an attempt to gain possession of the ball. Note however, that if a player does have his hands on the ball, and he is then pulled over on top of an opponent, then a jump ball would be the ruling.","12/18/2009 2:25:28 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("[QUOTE]Locks & Clamps[QUOTE]", 120) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 258, "Loose Ball Clamp by Defensive player during Rebounding action", "KeyFrame_120_2_258.jpg","Video_120_2_258.flv", "This is an example of a loose ball foul for clamping. Players are not allowed to lock or clamp an opponent, affecting that opponent's freedom of movement during a rebound of the ball.  During the rebounding action, the highlighted player in the white uniform will lock up the left arm of his opponent who is attempting to gain possession of the rebound. This is a loose ball foul on number 8 in the white uniform.","3/5/2010 5:55:02 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 284, "Loose Ball Clamp by Defensive player during Rebounding action", "KeyFrame_120_2_284.jpg","Video_120_2_284.flv", "This is an example of a loose ball foul for clamping. Players are not allowed to lock or clamp an opponent, affecting that opponent's freedom of movement in retrieving a loose ball. During the rebounding action, the player in the white uniform will lock up the left arm of his opponent who is attempting to gain possession of the rebound. This is a loose ball foul on #1 in the white uniform. Also note that the foul on this play occurs during the rebounding of the ball and not the shooting motion, making this a loose ball foul.","6/25/2010 12:40:08 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 259, "Loose Ball Clamp by Offensive player during Rebounding action", "KeyFrame_120_2_259.jpg","Video_120_2_259.flv", "This is an example of a loose ball foul for clamping. Players are not allowed to lock or clamp an opponent, affecting that opponent's freedom of movement during a rebound of the ball.  During the rebounding action, the highlighted player in the blue uniform will lock up the right arm of his opponent who is attempting to gain possession of the rebound. This is a loose ball foul on number 31 in the blue uniform.","3/5/2010 5:56:16 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Traveling & Dribbling Violations" , 6);
vrb_root[5]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Traveling", 23) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Traveling on the Perimeter", 71) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 87, "Travel on the Perimeter, player shuffles feet at start of dribble", "KeyFrame_71_2_87.jpg","Video_71_2_87.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation for lifting the pivot foot. An offensive player who receives the ball and establishes a pivot foot may take one step before he must release the ball to start his dribble. Before lifting his pivot foot, he may move his other foot as many times as he chooses. However, the ball must be out of his hands to start his dribble BEFORE he lifts his pivot foot off the floor. On this play, the offensive player lifts and slides his left pivot foot prior to his dribble being released.","5/19/2009 9:34:54 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 86, "Travel on the Perimeter, player splits feet at start of dribble", "KeyFrame_71_2_86.jpg","Video_71_2_86.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation for stopping and then alighting with both feet. A player who lands with both feet touching the floor simultaneously, may use either foot as a pivot. However, if he alights with both feet, he must release the ball before either foot touches the floor. On this play, the offensive player lands on both feet, and he then alights and returns to the floor with both feet without releasing the ball.","5/19/2009 9:35:12 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 84, "Travel on the Perimeter, player lifts pivot foot before releasing ball", "KeyFrame_71_2_84.jpg","Video_71_2_84.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation for lifting a pivot foot. An offensive player who receives the ball and establishes a pivot foot may take one step before he must release the ball to start his dribble. Before lifting his pivot foot, he may move his other foot as many times as he chooses. However, the ball must be out of his hands to start his dribble before he lifts his pivot foot. On this play, the offensive player who receives the ball establishes his left foot as his pivot foot. He legally moves his right foot several times, but he then raises his left foot, his pivot foot, prior to releasing the ball on the dribble.","5/19/2009 9:35:44 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 222, "Travel on the perimeter, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_71_2_222.jpg","Video_71_2_222.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation for lifting a pivot foot. An offensive player who establishes a pivot foot may move his other foot as many times as he chooses. However, the ball must be out of his hands to start his dribble before he lifts his pivot foot. On this play, the offensive player who receives the ball establishes his left foot as his pivot foot. He then raises his left foot, his pivot foot, prior to releasing the ball on the dribble.","12/18/2009 2:34:15 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Traveling in the Post", 72) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 287, "Travel in the Post, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_72_2_287.jpg","Video_72_2_287.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. An offensive player who establishes a pivot foot may move his other foot as many times as he chooses. However, the ball must be out of his hands to start his dribble BEFORE he lifts his pivot foot. The offensive post player here establishes his right foot as his pivot foot, and he then raises his right foot, his pivot foot, prior to releasing the ball on the dribble.","6/25/2010 2:26:32 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 223, "Travel in the Post, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_72_2_223.jpg","Video_72_2_223.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation for lifting a pivot foot. An offensive player who establishes a pivot foot may move his other foot as many times as he chooses. However, the ball must be out of his hands to start his dribble before he lifts his pivot foot. On this play, the offensive player who receives the ball establishes his right foot as his pivot foot. He then raises his right foot, his pivot foot, prior to releasing the ball on the dribble.","12/18/2009 2:35:20 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 88, "Travel in the Post, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_72_2_88.jpg","Video_72_2_88.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. A dribbler may take two steps after gathering the ball to end his dribble. On this play, the offensive player takes four steps after gathering the ball. He gathers the ball simultaneously when he puts his left foot down to start his spin move. His step count starts on his next step, which is his right foot coming down toward the baseline. His second, third and forth steps follow with his left, right and then left again.","5/19/2009 9:36:07 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 131, "Travel in the Post, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_72_2_131.jpg","Video_72_2_131.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation after a player ends his dribble. After establishing a pivot foot, a player may pivot with that foot planted, until leaving the ground for a shot or pass. On this play, the offensive player establishes his right foot as his pivot, but steps with this foot before taking a shot.","5/15/2009 5:40:58 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 288, "Travel on Post Face Up, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_72_2_288.jpg","Video_72_2_288.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. An offensive player who receives the ball and establishes a pivot foot may move his other foot as many times as he choose. However, the ball must be out of his hand to start his dribble BEFORE he lifts his pivot foot. The offensive player in the post here receives the ball, turns and faces up, establishing his right foot as his pivot foot. He legally moves his left foot several times, but he then rasies his right foot, his pivot foot, prior to releasing the ball on the dribble. This is a traveling violation.","6/25/2010 2:30:57 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 289, "Travel on Post Face Up, player lifts pivot foot before releasing the ball", "KeyFrame_72_2_289.jpg","Video_72_2_289.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. An offensive player who receives the ball and establishes a pivot foot may move his other foot as many times as he chooses. However, the ball must be out of his hands to start his dribble BEFORE he lifts his pivot foot. The offensive player with the ball here establishes his left foot as his pivot foot. He then rasies his left foot, his pivot foot, off the floor prior to releasing the ball on the dribble. This is a traveling violation.","6/25/2010 2:34:14 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Hop (same foot) Travel", 74) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 224, "Hop Travel (Player jumps off of, and then lands on, the same foot)", "KeyFrame_74_2_224.jpg","Video_74_2_224.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. An offensive player with the ball may not hop consecutively on the same foot upon ending his dribble. The offensive player on this play ends his dribble on his right foot as he enters the paint and gathers the ball, and he then jumps off of, and lands on, that same right foot.","12/18/2009 2:37:09 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 225, "Hop Travel (Player jumps off of, and then lands on, the same foot)", "KeyFrame_74_2_225.jpg","Video_74_2_225.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. An offensive player with the ball may not hop consecutively on the same foot upon ending his dribble. The offensive player on this play ends his dribble on his left foot as he gathers the ball, and he then jumps off of, and lands on, that same left foot.","12/18/2009 2:38:07 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Traveling at the end of the dribble", 75) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 91, "Traveling at the end of the dribble", "KeyFrame_75_2_91.jpg","Video_75_2_91.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. A dribbler may take two steps after gathering the ball to end a dribble. On this play, the offensive player takes three steps after gathering the ball. He gathers the ball prior to putting his right foot down in front of the defensive player (step one: first freeze frame). He takes his second step with his left foot on the free-throw line (step two: second freeze frame). Finally, he takes his third step with his right foot into the lane while attempting his shot (step three: third freeze frame).","5/19/2009 9:38:42 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 290, "Traveling at the end of the dribble", "KeyFrame_75_2_290.jpg","Video_75_2_290.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation. Upon gathering the ball, an offensive player may only take two steps before he must gather the ball on the pass or shot attempt. The offensive player here takes MORE than two steps after gathering the ball. This is a traveling violation.","6/25/2010 2:37:13 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Jump Stops, Legal and Illegal", 76) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 92, "Traveling, Player takes extra step after legal jump stop", "KeyFrame_76_2_92.jpg","Video_76_2_92.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation that occurs after a legal jump stop by an offensive player. An offensive player may end his dribble by alighting off of one foot and then landing simultaneously on both feet. However, the player may not pivot after he lands; if he lifts either foot, the ball must be released prior to that foot returning to the floor. On this play, the offensive player gathers the ball and alights off his right foot, lands with both feet simultaneously, and he then pivots. Since the ball is not released prior to his foot returning to the floor, a traveling violation has occurred.","5/19/2009 9:39:19 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 226, "This is an example of a traveling violation. An offensive player with the ball may not hop consecuti", "KeyFrame_76_2_226.jpg","Video_76_2_226.flv", "This is an example of a traveling violation that occurs after a legal jump stop by an offensive player. An offensive player may end his dribble by alighting off of one foot and then landing simultaneously on both feet. However, the player may not pivot after he lands; if he lifts either foot, the ball must be released prior to that foot returning to the floor. On this play, the offensive player gathers the ball with his left foot on the floor and step one is when he steps and jumps off his right foot and step two is when he lands with both feet simultaneously. Since the ball is not released prior to his foot returning to the floor, a traveling violation has occurred.","12/18/2009 2:42:08 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 93, "Legal Jump Stop", "KeyFrame_76_1_93.jpg","Video_76_1_93.flv", "This is an example of a LEGAL jump stop by an offensive player, and this is NOT a traveling violation. An offensive player may end his dribble by alighting off of one foot and landing simultaneously on both feet. The offensive player on this play gathers the ball, alights from his right foot, and then lands with both feet simultaneously on the floor. Note that at this point, the player may not pivot; if he lifts either foot, the ball must be released prior to that foot returning to the floor.","5/19/2009 9:39:39 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Discontinued Dribble", 73) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Discontinued Dribble on the Perimeter", 77) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 260, "Discontinued Dribble on the Perimeter", "KeyFrame_77_2_260.jpg","Video_77_2_260.flv", "This is an example of a Discontinued Dribble violation. Dribblers may not have any part of their hand under the ball, bringing their dribble to a pause, before continuing on with their dribble. On this play, the offensive player brings part of his hand under the ball, bringing the ball to a pause in an attempt to freeze the defender, before continuing his dribble.","3/5/2010 5:58:51 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 227, "Discontinued Dribble on the Perimeter", "KeyFrame_77_2_227.jpg","Video_77_2_227.flv", "This is an example of a Discontinued Dribble violation. Dribblers may not have any part of their hand under the ball, carrying it, before continuing on with their dribble. On this play, the offensive player moves his hand under the ball and carries it forward attempting to beat the defender.","12/18/2009 2:44:01 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 144, "Discontinued Dribble on the Perimeter", "KeyFrame_77_2_144.jpg","Video_77_0_144.flv", "This play is an example of a Discontinued Dribble violation. Dribblers may not have any part of their hand under the ball, bringing their dribble to a pause, before continuing on with their dribble. On this play, the offensive player brings part of his hand under the ball, bringing the ball to a pause in an attempt to freeze the defender, before continuing his dribble.","5/15/2009 5:16:59 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 94, "Discontinued Dribble on the Perimeter", "KeyFrame_77_2_94.jpg","Video_77_2_94.flv", "This is an example of a Discontinued Dribble violation. Dribblers may not have any part of their hand under the ball, bringing the dribble to a pause, before continuing on with their dribble. On this play, the offensive player moves his hand under the ball and he brings the ball to a pause in an attempt to freeze the defender.","5/19/2009 9:33:49 AM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Discontinued Dribble in the Post", 78) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 228, "Discontinued Dribble in the Post", "KeyFrame_78_2_228.jpg","Video_78_2_228.flv", "This is an example of a Discontinued Dribble violation. Dribblers may not have any part of their hand under the ball and then bring the ball to a pause before continuing on with their dribble, nor may they carry the ball in any direction. On this play, the offensive post player moves his hand under the ball and carries it forward attempting to beat the defender.","12/18/2009 2:45:41 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Legal Moves by Offensive players with the ball", 108) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 135, "Legal Play, Offensive Player with the ball gets up off the floor", "KeyFrame_108_1_135.jpg","Video_108_1_135.flv", "This is an example of LEGAL play by an offensive player in possession of the ball. When in possession of the ball while on the floor, an offensive player is permitted to stand up, establish a pivot foot and resume play. Here, the offensive player loses the ball and then regains possession after going to the floor. He then regains his feet, establishes his pivot and resumes play. This is a legal play.","10/15/2009 2:03:24 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 134, "Legal Play, Offensive Player with the ball gets up off the floor", "KeyFrame_108_1_134.jpg","Video_108_1_134.flv", "This is an example of LEGAL play by an offensive player in possession of the ball. When in possession of the ball while on the floor, an offensive player is permitted to stand up, establish a pivot foot and resume play. Here, the offensive player loses the ball and then regains possession after going to the floor. He then regains his feet, establishes his pivot and resumes play. This is a legal play. Since the ball was touched by an opponent creating a loose ball situation, the offensive player may legally dribble after recovering the ball.","5/15/2009 5:21:48 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 133, "Legal play, Offensive Player fumbles ball into air and recovers it", "KeyFrame_108_1_133.jpg","Video_108_1_133.flv", "This is an example of LEGAL play by an offensive player upon losing control of the ball. A player who fumbles the ball may always recover the ball, but he is not permitted to dribble if he has moved his pivot foot in order to retrieve the ball. On this play, the offensive player fumbles the ball into the air as he alights to shoot, and he then recovers the ball. He does not dribble upon recovery. This is a legal play.","5/15/2009 5:22:18 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Free Throw Violations" , 7);
vrb_root[6]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Free Throw Violations by Free Throw shooter", 79) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 97, "Free Throw Violation, Shooter enters the Free Throw Lane early", "KeyFrame_79_2_97.jpg","Video_79_2_97.flv", "This is an example of a Free Throw Violation committed by the free throw shooter. The shooter cannot step over the plane of the Free Throw line until the ball hits the rim or the backboard or the free throw ends. On this play, the shooter does step over the line, breaking the plane before the ball hits the rim.","3/12/2010 2:31:08 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Free Throw Violations by Offensive Team", 80) ;

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Free Throw Violations by Defensive Team", 81) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 98, "Free Throw Violation, Defensive team player enters from above 3 point line arc too early", "KeyFrame_81_2_98.jpg","Video_81_2_98.flv", "This is an example of a Free Throw Violation, committed by a defensive player positioned above the three-point line. During free throw attempts, players positioned above the three-point line must remain outside the arc until the ball has been released by the shooter. On this play, #31 in the blue uniform is standing inside the three-point line when the free throw is released, causing a violation to be assessed when the shot is unsuccessful.","5/19/2009 9:33:09 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 137, "Free Throw Violation, Defensive player steps into the lane prior to release of shot", "KeyFrame_81_2_137.jpg","Video_81_0_137.flv", "This is an example of a free throw violation committed by a defensive player positioned along the lane line. During free throw attempts, defensive players positioned along the lane lines may not enter the key nor vacate their lane space by more than three feet, until the ball is released by the shooter. On this play, the highlighted defensive player enters the key before the release of the ball by the shooter. Because the free throw attempt was unsuccessful, the offended team is awarded another free throw attempt. Had the free throw been made, play would continue without penalty.","5/15/2009 5:23:23 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 167, "Free Throw Violation, Defensive Team player in 1st spot vacants prior to Free Throw", "KeyFrame_81_2_167.jpg","Video_81_0_167.flv", "This is an example of a free throw violation committed by a defensive player positioned along the lane line. During free throw attempts, defensive players positioned along the lane lines may not enter the key nor vacate their lane space by more than three feet, until the ball is released by the shooter. On this play, the highlighted defensive player exceeds the allowed distance as he vacates his position on the lane line prior to the release of the ball, causing a violation to be assessed when the shot is unsuccessful.","5/15/2009 5:23:38 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Other Violations" , 8);
vrb_root[7]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Defensive 3 Seconds", 82) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 104, "Defensive 3 Seconds (Defender loiters in the lane and does not clear)", "KeyFrame_82_2_104.jpg","Video_82_2_104.flv", "This is an example of a Defensive 3 Seconds violation. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player, who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. On this play, the highlighted defensive player does not actively guard an opponent while he is positioned in the key for longer than the allotted three seconds.","5/15/2009 5:24:02 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 229, "Defensive 3 Seconds (Defender loiters in the lane and does not clear)", "KeyFrame_82_2_229.jpg","Video_82_2_229.flv", "This is an example of a Defensive 3 Seconds violation. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player, who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. On this play, the highlighted defensive player does not actively guard an opponent while he is positioned in the key for longer than the allotted three seconds.","12/18/2009 2:46:52 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 102, "Defensive 3 Seconds (Defender gives Strongside help, and then does not clear lane)", "KeyFrame_82_2_102.jpg","Video_82_2_102.flv", "This is an example of a Defensive 3 Seconds violation. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. On this play, the highlighted defensive player does not actively defend an opponent while he is positioned in the key for longer than the allotted three seconds.","5/15/2009 5:24:51 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 100, "Defensive 3 Seconds (False Double Team, defender is positioned behind his teammate)", "KeyFrame_82_2_100.jpg","Video_82_2_100.flv", "This is an example of a Defensive 3 Seconds. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. The highlighted defender on this play appears to move to double team the offensive player, but he does not legally achieve this position as he aligns himself directly behind his defensive teammate. Because a defensive player cannot legally actively defend an opponent from behind a teammate, and because he remains in the key beyond the allotted three seconds, the play is ruled a Defensive 3 Second violation.","5/15/2009 5:25:19 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 230, "Defensive 3 Seconds (False Double Team, defender is positioned behind his teammate)", "KeyFrame_82_2_230.jpg","Video_82_2_230.flv", "This is an example of a Defensive 3 Seconds. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. The highlighted defender on this play appears to move to double team the offensive player, but he does not legally achieve this position as he aligns himself directly behind his defensive teammate. Because a defensive player cannot legally actively defend an opponent from behind a teammate, and because he remains in the key beyond the allotted three seconds, the play is ruled a Defensive 3 Second violation.","12/18/2009 2:48:35 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 231, "Defensive 3 Seconds (Defender in the lane lifts foot up and down and does not clear)", "KeyFrame_82_2_231.jpg","Video_82_2_231.flv", "This is an example of a Defensive 3 Seconds violation. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player, who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. In order to completely clear the lane and avoid a Defensive 3 Second violation, a player must touch the court outside the sixteen foot key area with BOTH feet. On this play, the highlighted defensive player steps outside the key with only one foot, raising his other foot several times in the air inside the key. This movement does not clear this player of the count, and a Defensive 3 Second violation is called.","12/18/2009 2:50:07 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 232, "Legal Defensive Alignment (Defender drops into the lane while his man has the ball)", "KeyFrame_82_1_232.jpg","Video_82_1_232.flv", "This is an example of a Legal Defensive Alignment that would NOT result in a Defensive 3 Seconds violation. Defensive 3 Seconds is called when a defensive player, who is positioned inside the 16 foot key area, does not actively guard an opponent within three seconds. A defensive player however may drop down into the 16 foot key area if the man he is guarding receives the ball. As long as that offensive player maintains possession of the ball, and no other defender guards that offensive player, that defender may remain in the 16 foot key area without penalty. The defensive player on this play does move into  the 16 foot key area once his opponent receives the ball and he remains in the 16 foot key area without penalty until his opponent passes the ball and the defender at that point exits the 16 foot key area before his allowed 3 seconds expires. This is a Legal Defensive Alignment and there is no violation on this play.","12/18/2009 2:51:42 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Offensive 3 Seconds", 83) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 233, "Offensive 3 Seconds", "KeyFrame_83_2_233.jpg","Video_83_2_233.flv", "This is an example of an Offensive 3 Seconds violation. An offensive player is not permitted to remain in the 16 foot key area for longer than three seconds, regardless of whether he has the ball or not. On this play, the highlighted offensive player remains in the key for longer than the allotted three seconds.","12/18/2009 2:52:41 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 248, "Offensive 3 Seconds", "KeyFrame_83_2_248.jpg","Video_83_2_248.flv", "This is an example of an Offensive 3 Seconds violation. An offensive player is not permitted to remain in the 16 foot key area for longer than three seconds, regardless of whether he has the ball or not. On this play, the highlighted offensive player remains in the key for longer than the allotted three seconds.","12/21/2009 2:18:01 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Jump Ball Violations", 84) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Jump Ball Violations by Jumpers", 85) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 106, "Jump Ball Violation, jumper contacts the ball before it reaches it's apex", "KeyFrame_85_2_106.jpg","Video_85_2_106.flv", "This is an example of a jump ball violation committed by a participating jumper. The ball must reach the apex of its toss before either jump ball participant can touch it. On this player, the jumper in the green uniform steals the toss by touching the ball before it reaches its apex.","5/15/2009 5:27:33 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 107, "Jump Ball Violation, jumper contacts the ball before it reaches it's apex", "KeyFrame_85_2_107.jpg","Video_85_2_107.flv", "This is an example of a jump ball violation committed by a participating jumper. The ball must reach the apex of its toss before either jump ball participant can touch it. On this play, the jumper in the white uniform steals the toss, touching the ball before it reaches its apex.","5/15/2009 5:27:56 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Jump Ball Violations by Non Jumpers", 86) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 234, "Jump Ball Violation, non jumper enters the circle before the ball is touched", "KeyFrame_86_2_234.jpg","Video_86_2_234.flv", "This play is an example of a violation during a jump ball committed by a non jumping player. All 8 non jumping players must remain outside the jumping circle until the ball has been legally tapped by one of the two jumpers. On this play, the non jumping player will touch the court inside the jumping circle prior to the ball being tapped, committing the violation.","12/18/2009 2:56:14 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("In Bound Violations", 87) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 108, "Violation, inbounding player hands the ball to teammate from Out of Bounds", "KeyFrame_87_2_108.jpg","Video_87_2_108.flv", "This is an example of a violation on an inbounds play. A thrower-in is not permitted to hand the ball to any player on the court. On this play, the inbounding offensive player hands the ball to his on-court teammate.","5/15/2009 5:16:23 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 235, "Legal Inbound play, ball is inbounded into the backcourt in the last 2 minutes", "KeyFrame_87_1_235.jpg","Video_87_1_235.flv", "This play is an example of a LEGAL inbound play, and it IS NOT a backcourt violation. During throw-ins in the last 2-minutes of the 4th quarter and overtime periods, frontcourt or backcourt status is not attained until a player with the ball has established a positive position in either half. On this play, the player catches the throw-in in his frontcourt, but he does not establish a positive position as his momentum carries him into his backcourt, where he then establishes a positive position and backcourt status. Again, this is a legal play and it is not a violation.","12/18/2009 2:57:35 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Offensive Basket Interference", 88) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 291, "Offensive Basket Interference, player contacts the ball above the cylinder", "KeyFrame_88_2_291.jpg","Video_88_2_291.flv", "This is an example of offensive basket interference. Players are not allowed to touch the ball while any part of the ball remains in the cylinder above the basket ring. The offensive player here taps the ball into the basket while the ball is still in the cylinder above the basket. This is a violationn.","6/25/2010 2:39:56 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 292, "Offensive Basket Interference, player pulls down rim while ball is in contact with the rim", "KeyFrame_88_2_292.jpg","Video_88_2_292.flv", "This is an example of offensive basket interference. It is illegal for a player to cause the rim to be off center while in contact with the ball, and to cause an unnaturla bounce. During the dunk attempt here, the offensive player pulls the rim to an off center position while the ball is in contact with the rim, thus causing the ball to take an unnatural bounce when the rim springs back to a normal position. This is an offensive basket interference violation.","6/25/2010 2:43:35 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 109, "Offensive Basket Interference, player catches legal shot attempt", "KeyFrame_88_2_109.jpg","Video_88_2_109.flv", "This is an example of offensive basket interference. Offensive players are not permitted to touch any live ball within the playing area that is on its downward flight with an opportunity to score. This is considered to be a field goal attempt. On this play, the offensive player contacts the shot attempt while it is on it downward flight with an opportunity to score.","5/15/2009 5:15:12 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 138, "Legal Play, not Offensive Basket Interference, player contacts ball that has come off the rim", "KeyFrame_88_1_138.jpg","Video_88_1_138.flv", "This is an example of a legal tap in by an offensive player in an offensive basket interference situation. Players ARE allowed to tap, touch or rebound a shot attempt when the ball has rolled to the outside edge of the basket ring and no longer has a chance to score. On this play, the offensive player legally taps the ball back into the basket, as the field goal attempt has ended when it no longer had a chance to score.","5/15/2009 5:15:41 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Goaltending", 89) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 111, "Goaltending, defender contacts the ball after it has reached it's apex", "KeyFrame_89_2_111.jpg","Video_89_2_111.flv", "This is an example of a goaltending violation. Any shot attempt may not be defended once the trajectory of the ball begins its descent towards the basket. On this play, the secondary defender contacts the ball as it is descending towards the basket, committing a goaltending violation.","5/15/2009 5:14:41 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 236, "Goaltending, defensive player's hand comes up through the net and contacts the ball", "KeyFrame_89_2_236.jpg","Video_89_2_236.flv", "This is an example of a Goaltending Violation. It is a violation for any player to touch the ball with a hand that is through the basket ring.  On this play, defensive player reaches up through the rim and touches the ball, making this a goaltending violation.","12/18/2009 2:59:06 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Delay of Game Violations", 90) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 139, "Delay of Game, Substitute player enters the game with his shirt untucked", "KeyFrame_90_2_139.jpg","Video_90_2_139.flv", "This is an example of a delay of game violation. The rule book states that \"a delay-of-game shall be called for a player entering the game when beckoned by an official with his shirt untucked.\" On this play, the entering player, #2 in the red uniform, does not have his uniform tucked in when he enters into the game by. Should the violation be the second delay of game violation for the offending team, a technical foul would be assessed.","5/15/2009 5:13:22 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 237, "Delay of Game, defensive player interferes with the inbound pass", "KeyFrame_90_2_237.jpg","Video_90_2_237.flv", "This is an example of a Delay of Game Violation that occurs during an inbound pass. A defender may not cross the boundary line and interfere with the ball being inbound. On this play, even though the player’s momentum legally carried him over the boundary line, he delays the game by hitting the throw-in prior to reentering the court.","12/18/2009 3:00:39 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Timeout Request", 111) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Timeout Request by Players", 112) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 211, "Timeout Request Granted, player has one foot on floor when calling Timeout", "KeyFrame_112_1_211.jpg","Video_112_1_211.flv", "This is an example of a LEGAL timeout request by an offensive player. A player will not be granted a timeout (regular or 20 second) if both of his feet are in the air and any part of his body has broken the vertical plane of the boundary line. This rule also applies to the midcourt line except during throw-ins in the last two minutes of the fourth or any overtime period. On this play, the offensive player has one foot planted on the floor as his timeout request is correctly granted.","11/18/2009 6:37:40 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 214, "Timeout Request Not Granted, player is airborne when calling Timeout", "KeyFrame_112_2_214.jpg","Video_112_2_214.flv", "This is an example of a timeout request by an offensive player that WOULD NOT be granted. A player will not be granted a timeout (regular or 20 second) if both of his feet are in the air and any party of his body has broken the vertical plane of the boundary line. This rule also applies to the midcourt line except during throw-ins in the last two minutes of the fourth or any overtime period. On this play, the offensive player is in mid air and he has also broken the vertical plane of the sideline, and his timeout request is correctly not granted.","11/18/2009 6:47:52 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 247, "Timeout Request Not Granted, player is airborne when calling Timeout", "KeyFrame_112_2_247.jpg","Video_112_2_247.flv", "This is an example of a timeout request by an offensive player that WOULD NOT be granted. A player will not be granted a timeout (regular or 20 second) if both of his feet are in the air and any party of his body has broken the vertical plane of the boundary line. This rule also applies to the midcourt line except during throw-ins in the last two minutes of the fourth or any overtime period. On this play, the offensive player is in mid air and he has also broken the vertical plane of the sideline, and his timeout request is correctly not granted.","12/18/2009 3:20:39 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Timeout Request by Coaches", 113) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 213, "Timeout Request by Coach, Legal request during live play is granted", "KeyFrame_113_1_213.jpg","Video_113_1_213.flv", "This is an example of a LEGAL timeout request by a Head Coach. A request for timeout by a head coach will be granted only when the ball is dead or when the ball in the possession of a player on the team whose head coach is making the request. A request at any other time will be ignored. Here, a player on the team of the coach making the timeout request is in possession of the ball, and the request is correctly granted.","11/18/2009 6:45:19 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("5 Second Back to the Basket Violation", 116) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 238, "5 Second Back to the Basket Violation", "KeyFrame_116_2_238.jpg","Video_116_2_238.flv", "This is an example of a 5 Second Back to the Basket Violation. An offensive player in his frontcourt below the free throw line extended is not allowed to dribble the ball with his back or side to the basket while being actively guarded by an opponent for more the 5 seconds. On this play, the offensive player with the ball maintains his dribble his back to the basket for more than the allowed 5 seconds.","12/18/2009 3:02:26 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 293, "5 Second Back to the Basket Violation", "KeyFrame_116_2_293.jpg","Video_116_2_293.flv", "This is an example of a 5 Second Back to the Basket violation. An offensive player in his frontcourt below the free throw line extended is not allowed to dribble the ball with his back to the basket for more than 5 seconds. On this play, the offensive player with the ball maintains his dribble and back to the basket for more than the allowed 5 seconds, and he is called for the violation.","6/25/2010 2:47:17 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Out of Bounds Violation", 117) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 239, "Out of Bounds, ball hits behind the backboard", "KeyFrame_117_2_239.jpg","Video_117_2_239.flv", "This is an example of a ball that is ruled to be Out of Bounds. The ball is considered out-of-bounds anytime it passes directly behind the backboard. On this play the ball slips out of the hands of #32 in the white uniform and it goes directly behind the backboard causing the violation.","12/18/2009 3:04:25 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Backcourt Violations", 129) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 294, "Backcourt Violation", "KeyFrame_129_2_294.jpg","Video_129_2_294.flv", "This is an unusual example of a Backcourt violation. Once a player establishes position in his frontcourt, he can not move into his backcourt, nor may he pass the ball to a teammate positioned in the backcourt. The player in the red uniform makes the steal in his new frontcourt, but he then immediately passes the ball to a teammate who is positioned in his backcourt. Since the player who intercepted the pass established POSITIVE POSITION in the frontcourt BEFORE he passed the ball, his pass to his teammate in the backcourt causes a backcourt violation.","6/25/2010 2:51:12 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Technical Fouls" , 9);
vrb_root[8]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Respect for the Game Technicals", 22) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Overt Gestures", 91) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 115, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player directs an \"air punch\" at Official", "KeyFrame_91_2_115.jpg","Video_91_2_115.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for an overt gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed Heat of the Moment reactions to calls with which they disagree, a player is never permitted to air punch, wave off or direct any other similar gesture directly at an official. On this play, the offending player air punches directly at the official.","5/18/2009 11:04:54 AM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 295, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player claps hands at Official", "KeyFrame_91_2_295.jpg","Video_91_2_295.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for a gesture directed at an official in resentment to a no-call that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions to calls with which they disagree, a player is never permitted to air punch, wave off, or direct any other similiar gesture directly at an official. On this play, the offending player turns and claps his hands directly at the offficial next to him. Since the reaction is directed at the official, it is warranting of a technical foul.","6/25/2010 2:56:59 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 113, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player slaps his arm repeatedly at Official", "KeyFrame_91_2_113.jpg","Video_91_2_113.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for an overt gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed Heat of the Moment reactions to calls with which they disagree, a player is never permitted to air punch, wave off or direct any other similar gesture directly at an official. On this play, the offending player slaps his hands repeatedly in the face of the official, several moments after his initial display of anger with the call.","5/15/2009 5:06:00 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 161, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player throws mouthpiece at scorer's table", "KeyFrame_91_2_161.jpg","Video_91_2_161.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for an overt gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed Heat of the Moment reactions to calls with which they disagree, they must regain their composure immediately. On this play, the offending player throws his mouth piece at the scorer's table, several moments after his initial display of anger and following plenty of time to regain his composure. Had the mouth piece been thrown into the stands in a comparable manner, the player would be ejected.","5/15/2009 5:06:55 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 240, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player directs an \"air punch\" at Official", "KeyFrame_91_2_240.jpg","Video_91_2_240.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for an overt gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions to calls with which they disagree, a player is never permitted to air punch, wave off or direct any other similar gesture directly at an official. On this play, the offending player air punches directly at the official.","12/18/2009 3:06:39 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 112, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player on the bench waves towel at Official", "KeyFrame_91_2_112.jpg","Video_91_2_112.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for an overt gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed Heat of the Moment reactions to calls with which they disagree, a player is never permitted to air punch, wave off or direct any other similar gesture directly at an official. On this play, the offending player, who is not even in the game and is positioned on the bench, stands up and air punches and waves his towel directly at an official.","5/15/2009 5:08:03 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 296, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player slams ball in resentment of call", "KeyFrame_91_2_296.jpg","Video_91_2_296.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for an overt gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. While players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions to calls with which they disagree, a player is never permitted an overt gestue such as slamming the ball to the floor, whether directed at an official or not. On this play, the offending player slams the ball to the floor, sending it high into the air and into the stands. This type of overt gesture is unacceptable, whether or not it is directed a game participant or a referee.","6/25/2010 3:03:56 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 297, "Technical Foul, Overt Gesture, player throws ball to opposite end of the court", "KeyFrame_91_2_297.jpg","Video_91_2_297.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for a gesture that exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines. On this play, the player in the blue uniform, after the foul call, throws the ball to the opposite end of the court in resentment to the call. Intenionally throwing the ball away from the officials exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines, and a technical foul is the correct ruling.","6/25/2010 3:08:50 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("[QUOTE]Heat of the Moment[QUOTE] Reactions that dissolve", 92) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 116, "No Technical, \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction by player that dissolves immediately", "KeyFrame_92_1_116.jpg","Video_92_1_116.flv", "This is an example of an acceptable \"heat of the moment\" reaction by a player. Players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions, but the reaction must immediately dissolve. On this play, the defensive player reacts briefly in response to being called for a foul, but he does not direct his reaction at the calling official, and he regains his composure immediately following his initial reaction. The \"heat of the moment\" reaction here is within the guidelines and no further penalty results from the play.","5/21/2009 2:24:25 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 142, "No Technical, \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction by player that dissolves immediately", "KeyFrame_92_1_142.jpg","Video_92_1_142.flv", "This is an example of an acceptable \"heat of the moment\" reaction by a player. Players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions, but the reaction must immediately dissolve. On this play, the defensive player reacts briefly in response to being called for a foul, but he does not direct his reaction at the calling official, and he regains his composure immediately following his initial reaction. The \"heat of the moment\" reaction here is within the guidelines and no further penalty results from the play.","5/21/2009 2:24:15 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 241, "No Technical, \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction by player that dissolves immediately", "KeyFrame_92_1_241.jpg","Video_92_1_241.flv", "This is an example of an acceptable \"heat of the moment\" reaction by a player. Players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions, but the reaction must immediately dissolve. On this play, the defensive player reacts briefly in response to being called for a foul, but he does not direct his reaction at the calling official, and he regains his composure immediately following his initial reaction. The \"heat of the moment\" reaction here is within the guidelines and no further penalty results from the play.","12/18/2009 3:10:12 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("[QUOTE]Heat of the Moment[QUOTE] Reactions that don't dissolve", 93) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 118, "Technical Foul, \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction that does not dissolve", "KeyFrame_93_2_118.jpg","Video_93_2_118.flv", "This is an example of a \"heat of the moment\" reaction that does not dissolve and earns a Technical Foul. Players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions, but the reaction must immediately dissolve. Here, in response to the foul call, the defensive player, #25 in the white uniform, continues to berate the official following his initial expression making comments and gestures in resentment to the foul call. The reaction here extends beyond an initial outburst and earns a Technical Foul.","5/15/2009 5:10:45 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 117, "Technical Foul, \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction that does not dissolve", "KeyFrame_93_2_117.jpg","Video_93_2_117.flv", "This is an example of a \"heat of the moment\" reaction that does not dissolve and earns a Technical Foul. Players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions, but the reaction must immediately dissolve. Here, in response to the foul call, the offensive player, #5 in the white uniform, continues to berate the official following his initial expression of disagreement, making comments and gestures in resentment to the foul call. The reaction here extends beyond an initial outburst and earns a Technical Foul.","5/15/2009 5:11:22 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 261, "Technical Foul, \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction that does not dissolve", "KeyFrame_93_2_261.jpg","Video_93_2_261.flv", "This is an example of a \"Heat of the Moment\" reaction that DOES NOT dissolve and earns a Technical Foul. Players are allowed \"Heat of the Moment\" reactions, but the reaction must immediately dissolve. Here, in response to the foul call, the defensive player in the red uniform continues to berate the official following his initial expression making comments and gestures in resentment to the foul call. The reaction here extends beyond an initial outburst and earns a Technical Foul.","3/5/2010 6:01:01 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Continuous Complaining", 96) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 298, "Technical Foul, Continuous Complaining", "KeyFrame_96_2_298.jpg","Video_96_2_298.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for continuous complaining by a player. Players are \"heat of the moment\" reactions, but that reaction must immediately dissolve. The player in the white uniform here continues to complain, gesture, and berate the officials well after his immediate reaction. The player, #21 in the white uniform, starts his complaint following the offensive foul call against him, and he continues his complaint as play continues and shifts to the other end of the court. This continuous type of complaining exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines, and he is correctly assessed a Technical foul.","6/25/2010 3:14:46 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 299, "Technical Foul, Continuous Complaining", "KeyFrame_96_2_299.jpg","Video_96_2_299.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for continuous complaining by a player. Players are allowed \"heat of the moment\" reactions and complaints, but that reaction must immediately dissolve. Following the initial complaint here, the player in the blue uniform continues to complain to the referee well after his immediate reaction, until a Technical foul is called. This type of non-stop complaining, refereed to as \"continuous complaining\", exceeds the \"Respect for the Game\" guidelines, and results in the a Technical foul being called.","6/25/2010 3:18:57 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 262, "Technical Foul, Continuous Complaining", "KeyFrame_96_2_262.jpg","Video_96_2_262.flv", "This is an example of a \"Heat of the Moment\" complaint that DOES NOT dissolve, and the player is correctly assessed a technical foul. Players are allowed \"Heat of the Moment\" complaint, but they must immediately dissolve. Following the initial complaint, the player continues to complain as he walks the full length of the court, even as he is walking to his bench following a timeout. This type of \"Continuous Complaining\" will earn an unsportsmanlike technical foul.","6/25/2010 3:14:34 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Other Technicals", 97) ;

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Taunting", 99) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 120, "Technical Foul, Taunting", "KeyFrame_99_2_120.jpg","Video_99_2_120.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for unsportsmanlike conduct for taunting. The taunting of opponents is never permitted and actions of this nature are to be penalized immediately. The actions by the player in the black uniform after the successful basket, as well as any pointing in an opponents face or standing over an opponent on the floor in a confrontational manner, are just a few of the examples of unsportsmanlike acts that are considered to be taunting.","5/15/2009 5:11:51 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 162, "Technical Foul, Taunting", "KeyFrame_99_2_162.jpg","Video_99_2_162.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for unsportsmanlike conduct for taunting. The taunting of opponents is never permitted and actions of this nature are penalized immediately. Following his successful dunk, the offensive player then turns towards his opponent and yells and also flails his arms about in a taunting manner.","5/15/2009 5:12:19 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Hanging on the Rim", 100) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 300, "Technical, player does chin up on rim after dunk", "KeyFrame_100_2_300.jpg","Video_100_2_300.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for hanging on the rim. Players are not allowed to pull themselves up on the rim, nor are they allowed to hang on the rim after a dunk attempt, unless they are doing so to avoid injury to themselves or another player. The offensive player on this play pulls himself up on the rim and kicks his legs into the air following his successful dunk. This type of reaction is an immediate technical foul for hanging on the rim.","6/25/2010 3:22:15 PM");
vrb_c2.addMedia( 244, "Technical, player does chin up on rim after dunk", "KeyFrame_100_2_244.jpg","Video_100_2_244.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for hanging on the rim. Players are not allowed to pull themselves up on the rim, nor are they allowed to hang on the rim after a dunk attempt, unless they are doing so to avoid injury to themselves or another player. The offensive player on this play pulls himself up on the rim and kicks his legs into the air following his successful dunk. This type of reaction is an immediate technical foul.","12/18/2009 3:15:22 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Players throwing/kicking the ball into the stands", 102) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 121, "Technical Foul, player kicks ball into the stands", "KeyFrame_102_2_121.jpg","Video_102_2_121.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for unsportsmanlike conduct. Players are not permitted to intentionally throw, kick or send the ball into the stands for any reason. Any violation of this rule results in a technical foul. Note also that if the ball enters the stands with force, the player would also be ejected from the game. On this play, after the basket is made, #7 in the blue uniform kicks the ball into the stands, but not with force, so this is a Technical Foul but not an ejection.","5/15/2009 5:12:53 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Contact after the whistle", 118) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 245, "Technical, Player makes unsportsmanlike contact after the whistle", "KeyFrame_118_2_245.jpg","Video_118_2_245.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for contact made after the whistle. Players are not allowed to make unsportsmanlike contact with their opponents after the whistle, and technical fouls will be assessed if warranted. On this play, the dead ball contact by the player in the white uniform is not part of the play, and the player is penalized with a technical foul.","12/18/2009 3:18:05 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Coach on the floor and interferes with live play", 119) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 246, "Coach on the floor and interferes with live play", "KeyFrame_119_2_246.jpg","Video_119_2_246.flv", "This is an example of a Delay of Game Violation committed by the Head Coach. Any bench personnel who enter the court and interfere with play will be assessed an unsportsmanlike technical foul. On this play, the coach contacts the player catching the ball just prior to his field goal attempt. Please note if the offensive player is in the act of shooting the basket, and the basket it successful, it would be scored as well.","12/18/2009 3:19:38 PM");

vrb_c2=vrb_c1.addChild("Technical Fouls for dead ball contact", 130) ;
vrb_c2.addMedia( 301, "Technical Foul, dead ball contact", "KeyFrame_130_2_301.jpg","Video_130_2_301.flv", "This is an example of a Technical Foul for contact after the whistle. The player on the floor in the blue uniform intentionally extends his leg and trips his opponent in the white uniform. This unsportsmanlike contact by the player in the blue uniform is illegal, whether the ball is dead or alive, and since it occurs during a dead ball here, it is penalized with a technical foul.","6/25/2010 3:29:50 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Instant Replay" , 10);
vrb_root[9]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Use of Instant Replay on End of Quarter FG's", 94) ;

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Use of Instant Replay on Clock Malfunctions", 95) ;

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Use of Instant Replays on 2 pt. / 3 pt. FG's", 98) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 263, "2 pt. FG, Officials have doubt, reviewed at end of 1st Qtr, call over turned, changed to a 3 pt. FG", "KeyFrame_98_1_263.jpg","Video_98_1_263.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of instant replay by officials in the review of two-point and three-point field goals. On this very close play the officials are not reasonably certain whether the successful basket was scored correctly as a two-point or three-point goal. Since the basket was scored in the 1st period, the instant replay review must take place at the next timeout, or as in this case, at the period break. The trail official can be seen signaling the scorer's table that this play will be reviewed at the 1st available time. Remember that the crew needs clear and conclusive visual evidence to overturn the call made on the floor, and since the evidence is clear here, the call is correctly changed to a three-point field goal.","5/25/2010 11:02:21 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 164, "3 pt. FG, under 2 minutes remaining, reviewed immediately, shot is upheld", "KeyFrame_98_1_164.jpg","Video_98_1_164.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of instant replay by officials in the review of two-point and three-point field goals. When the value of a field goal is in doubt, officials may use instant replay to determine the shot's exact value. Note that there must be clear and conclusive evidence to change the initial ruling made on the floor. The timing of the review depends on the time remaining in the game. With all 3 mandatory timeouts having been used in the 4th period, the officials here correctly stop play immediately following this successful basket to use Instant Replay to confirm that it was scored correctly as a three-point goal.","5/25/2010 11:02:37 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 163, "3 pt. FG, reviewed at next timeout, shot is upheld", "KeyFrame_98_1_163.jpg","Video_98_1_163.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of instant replay by officials in the review of two-point and three-point field goals. When the value of a field goal is in doubt, officials may use instant replay to determine the shot's exact value. Note that there must be clear and conclusive evidence to change the initial ruling made on the floor. The timing of the review depends on the time remaining in the game. At this play occurs in the 1st quarter, the three point shot is reviewed at the next timeout. The officials use instant replay to determine the shot's exact value, and it is confirmed to be worth three points.","5/25/2010 11:02:56 AM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Use of Instant Replay on Out of Bounds call", 125) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 264, "Use of Instant Replay on Out of Bounds call, call is upheld", "KeyFrame_125_1_264.jpg","Video_125_1_264.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of instant replay by officials in the review on an out of bounds call. Officials may use reply to review an out of bounds call in the last two minutes of the fourth quarter or overtime periods, if they are not reasonably certain which team casued the ball to go out of bounds. The officials CANNOT use instant replay to determine IF a ball went out of bounds of not. On this play, the Official rules \"red\" ball, but he is not reasonably certain that the ball last touched the player in the white uniform, and this doubt correctly triggers an instant replay review since the game is in the last 2 minutes of the 4th period. Following the review, the call on the court will be upheld as the replays show that the ball did indeed hit off the leg of the player in the white uniform and it did not then touch another player before going out of bounds.","5/25/2010 11:03:27 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 265, "Use of Instant Replay on Out of Bounds call, call is upheld", "KeyFrame_125_1_265.jpg","Video_125_1_265.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of instant replay by officials in the review on an out of bounds call. Officials may use reply to review an out of bounds call in the last two minutes of the fourth quarter or overtime periods, if they are not reasonably certain which team casued the ball to go out of bounds. The officials CANNOT use instant replay to determine IF a ball went out of bounds of not. On this play, the Official initially rules that it is \"blue\" ball, but he is not reasonably certain that the ball last touched the player in the white uniform, and this doubt triggers an Instant Replay review as the game is in the last 2 minutes of the 4th period or Overtime period. Following the review, the call on the court will be overturned as the Replays show that the ball actually hit off the hand of the player in the blue uniform, and it did not touch another player before going out of bounds.","5/25/2010 11:03:39 AM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 285, "Use of Instant Replay on Out of Bounds call, call is upheld", "KeyFrame_125_1_285.jpg","Video_125_1_285.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of instant replay by officials in the review of an out of bounds call. Officials may use replay to review an out of bounds call in the last two minutes of the 4th quarter or Overtime periods, if they are not reasonably certain which team caused the ball to go out of bounds. The officials CAN NOT use instant replay to determine IF a ball went out of bounds or not. On this play at 43.2 of 4th quarter, the official initially rules \"white\" ball, but he is not certain whether it was the player in the dark uniform or his opponent who caused the ball to go out of bounds. This doubt triggers an Instant Replay review. Following the review, the call is upheld since the replay showed conclusively that the ball hit off the knee of the player in the dark uniform, and it did not touch another player before going out of bounds. Note that if the video is inconclusive, the call on the court stands.","6/25/2010 12:50:12 PM");

vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Use of Instant Replay on 24 Second Violation", 126) ;
vrb_c1.addMedia( 266, "Use of Instant Replay on 24 Second Violation, play is reviewed, successful FG is overturned", "KeyFrame_126_1_266.jpg","Video_126_1_266.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of Instant Replay to overturn a made field goal that occurred after the 24 Second Clock had expired. The team in white will make a 3 pt. FG as the 24 second Shot Clock expires and the officials are not reasonably certain whether the shot was released before the shot clock expired. They use Instant Replay to determine that the shot was taken AFTER the Shot Clock had expired, and they correctly overturn the call on the floor of a made 3 pt. FG. Officials may use Instant Replay at any point in the game to determine whether a 24 second violation occurred prior to the release of a successful shot or prior to a called foul.","6/25/2010 12:56:39 PM");
vrb_c1.addMedia( 286, "Use of Instant Replay on 24 Second Violation, play is reviewed, successful FG is overturned", "KeyFrame_126_1_286.jpg","Video_126_1_286.flv", "This is an example of the proper procedural use of Instant Replay to overturn a made field goal that occurred after the 24 Second Clock had expired. The team in white will make a 2 pt. field goal as the 24 Second shot clock expires here, and the officials are not reasonably certain as to whether the shot was released before the shot clock expired. The officials use Instant Replay to determine that the shot was released AFTER the shot clock had expired, and they correctly overturn the call on the floor of a made 2 pt. field goal. Officials may use Instant Replay throughout the game to determine whether a 24 Second violation occurred prior to the release of a successful shot or prior to a called foul.","6/25/2010 12:55:42 PM");


vrb_c0=new Category( "Scorer's Table" , 11);
vrb_root[10]=vrb_c0; 
vrb_c1=vrb_c0.addChild("Scorer's Table", 114) ;